< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orǫdьje

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *orǫdъ/*obrǫdъ, *orǫdь/*obrǫdь, *orǫdа/*obrǫda +‎ *-ьje (“collective”) (cf. Slovene orọ̑d m or f (“tool”)), from **oręsti/**vъręsti/**obręsti (**orędati/**vъrędati/**obrędati), from *on-/*vъn-/*ob- + **ręsti (**rędati):

  • *ob- (reconstructed by ESSJa): is improbable, because *obr- > *or- is not regular. It is only supported by few Belarusian and Russian words, which may be secondary/unrelated:
    • Belarusian абру́д (abrúd, “bottom of wooden tableware”), Belarusian абру́ды (abrúdy, “bottom of bucket”, plural).
    • Russian обру́да (obrúda, “bridle”). Compare Russian оброть/обруть/обрудь (obrotʹ/obrutʹ/obrudʹ, “bridle”) (< *obrъtь)[1].
    • Russian обруди́ть (obrudítʹ, “обшить”)
  • *on-: n was early dropped by dissimilation *anrand- > *arand-[2][3], but examples/counterexamples are not given, except for Proto-Slavic *sumьněti < *sǫmьněti. See also *ogňь, *voda.
  • Only attested verbs are Proto-Slavic *ręditi, *rędimъ (-i- type) and Slovene narèsti, naredím (-C/i- type). If latter is inherited, it would be unique in its C/i type, however: 1) there is another limited -a/i- type, 2) some -C- type verbs (ending in 'd': *ěsti, *bosti, *krasti, *klasti, *pasti, ..?) can dervive words by using *-idlo, *-ivъ, *-ьba, *-ežь suffixes which are regular for -i- type verbs.

Some authors derive it from (please verify) Old High German āranti, (please verify) aronti, ārunti, (please verify) arunti, (please verify) arundi, (please verify) ārundi n (“message, affair”)[4] (< Proto-West Germanic *ārundī n, somehow from Proto-Germanic *airundiją n, from *airuz (“messenger”) with some suffix) without explanation why OHG *ā gave PS *o (compare Proto-Slavic *lagy).

Related to Slovincian n̕åřądło n (“?tool”)[5], Proto-Slavic *narędьje[6], *narędъ[7], *narędьba[8] (< *naręditi).

Noun

*orǫdьjȅ n[9]

  1. gear

Declension
Declension of *orǫdьje (soft o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *orǫdьje *orǫdьji *orǫdьja
genitive *orǫdьja *orǫdьju *orǫdьjь
dative *orǫdьju *orǫdьjema *orǫdьjemъ
accusative *orǫdьje *orǫdьji *orǫdьja
instrumental *orǫdьjьmь, *orǫdьjemь* *orǫdьjema *orǫdьji
locative *orǫdьji *orǫdьju *orǫdьjixъ
vocative *orǫdьje *orǫdьji *orǫdьja
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

See also

Descendants
  • Other:
    • → Albanian: orendi[15]

References
  1. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obrъtь/*obrъta/*obrъtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 29 (*obpovědati – *obsojьnica), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 131
  2. Aleksandar Loma (2020), “Оружие, орудие, серб. урутка и смешение приставок”, in Зборник Матице српске за филологију и лингвистику [Matica Serbica, Classis Litterarum, Archivum Philologicum et Linguisticum], volume 63, issue 1, Novi Sad: ?, page 11
  3. Aleksandar Loma (2019), “Оружие, орудие и смешение приставок”, in Этнолингвистика. Ономастика. Этимология. Материалы IV Международной научной конференции., Yekaterinburg: Ural University Publishing House, page 208
  4. Stefan Michael Newerkla (2011), “orudie”, in Schriften über Sprachen und Texte. Sprachkontakte Deutsch – Tschechisch – Slowakisch. Wörterbuch der deutschen Lehnwörter im Tschechischen und Slowakischen: historische Entwicklung, Beleglage, bischerige und neue Deutungen., volume 7, 2nd edition, Bern: Peter Lang, page 133
  5. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędlo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
  6. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 246
  7. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
  8. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędьba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
  9. Snoj, Marko (2016), “orodje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *orǫ́dьjȅ (ali *orǫdьjȅ)”
  10. Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “орѫдиѥ”, in Staroslavjanskij slovarʹ (po rukopisjam X—XI vekov) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 415
  11. Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “orudie”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
  12. S. Urbańczyk, editor (1969), “orędzie”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 5, Wrocław, Warsaw, Kraków: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 627
  13. B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “orędzie”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
  14. B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “orędzie”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
  15. Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 40

Further reading
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