穢

See also: 秽

穢	U+7A62, 穢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A62

← 穡
[U+7A61]

CJK Unified Ideographs

穣 →
[U+7A63]

Translingual

Han character

穢 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜一竹 (HDYMH), four-corner 2195₃, composition ⿰禾歲)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 861, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25331
Dae Jaweon: page 1287, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2634, character 9
Unihan data for U+7A62

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (歲) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
噦	qʰʷaːds, qʷrad, *qʷad
翽	*qʰʷaːds
鐬	*qʰʷaːds
濊	qʰʷaːds, qʷaːds, qʷads, qʰʷaːd
歲	sqʰʷads, sqʰʷad
劌	*kʷrads
顪	*qʰʷads
穢	*qʷads
薉	*qʷads
獩	*qʷads
饖	*qʷads
奯	*qʰʷaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷads) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 歲 (OC *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huì, wèi (hui⁴, wei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˋ, ㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ve

(Meixian, Guangdong): vê⁴ / mê⁴
Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̿
Min Dong (BUC): uói
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): è / èr / òe

(Teochew, Peng'im): uê³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁵hue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huì
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huèi
  - Wade–Giles: hui⁴
  - Yale: hwèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huey
  - Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wèi
  - Wade–Giles: wei⁴
  - Yale: wèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai³
  - Yale: wai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ve
  - Hakka Romanization System: ve
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ve⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ve⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vê⁴ / mê⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋe⁵³/, /me⁵³/

Note: mê4 - colloquial (“dirty”).

Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: è
  - Tâi-lô: è
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ex
  - IPA (Taipei): /e¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /e²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èr
  - Tâi-lô: èr
  - IPA (Lukang): /ə³¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ə⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ə¹²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òe
  - Tâi-lô: uè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oex
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ue²¹/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- è/èr - vernacular;
- òe - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uê³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ue²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁵hue
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ²hue
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue̞³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸe̞ɪ̯⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jwojH

Rime
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於廢切
Baxter	'jwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʉɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuaj^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiuɐi^H/
Wang Li	/ĭwɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯wɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷat-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʷads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjwoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qʷat-s/
English	bad weeds; filth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
No.	12168
Phonetic component	歲
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	穢
Old Chinese	/*qʷads/

Definitions

穢

dirty; filthy; unclean
immoral; obscene
(dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting
(Min Nan) to infect (a person)
(obsolete) overgrown with weeds

Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

口出穢言／口出秽言
大穢／大秽
形穢／形秽
污穢／污秽 (wūhuì)
污言穢語／污言秽语
淫污穢臭／淫污秽臭
淫穢／淫秽 (yínhuì)
滓穢／滓秽
溷穢／溷秽
滌瑕蕩穢／涤瑕荡秽
滌穢蕩瑕／涤秽荡瑕
穢亂／秽乱 (huìluàn)
穢史／秽史
穢囊／秽囊
穢土／秽土 (huìtǔ)
穢德／秽德
穢惡／秽恶
穢氣／秽气
穢物／秽物 (huìwù)
穢罵／秽骂
穢草／秽草
穢行／秽行
穢言／秽言 (huìyán)
穢語／秽语 (huìyǔ)
穢語污言／秽语污言
穢跡／秽迹
自慚形穢／自惭形秽 (zìcánxínghuì)
自覺形穢／自觉形秽
芟穢／芟秽
蕩瑕滌穢／荡瑕涤秽
蕪穢／芜秽 (wúhuì)
附膻逐穢／附膻逐秽
除殘去穢／除残去秽

Japanese

Kanji

穢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: え (e)
Kan-on: わい (wai)
Kan’yō-on: あい (ai)
Kun: けがれる (kegareru, 穢れる)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
穢
けが(れ) Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 穢 – see the following entry.

【けがれ】

[noun] uncleanliness (non-physical); (religion) defilement

[verb] imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of けがれる (kegareru) [ichidan]

Alternative spellings
穢れ, 汚れ, 汚, 汚穢

(This term, 穢, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

穢: Hán Nôm readings: uế

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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