明日

See also: 明白

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation


Note: bêng-ji̍t/bêng-li̍t - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: muan3 rig8 / ma3 rig8 / mua3 rêg8
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: muàⁿ ji̍k / mà ji̍k / muà je̍k
      • Sinological IPA (key): /mũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡ʑik̚⁴/, /ma²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡ʑik̚⁴/, /mua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zek̚⁴/
Note:
  • muan3 rig8 - Chaozhou;
  • ma3 rig8 - Shantou, Chenghai;
  • mua3 rêg8 - Jieyang.
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: min2 r6 / min2 nyi6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /min¹³ ʐ̩²⁴/, /min¹³ n̠ʲi²⁴/
Note:
  • min2 r6 - vernacular;
  • min2 nyi6 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (4) (38)
Final () (111) (48)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter mjaeng nyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mˠiæŋ/ /ȵiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/mᵚiaŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/miaŋ/ /ȵʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/miajŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Li
Rong
/miɐŋ/ /ȵiĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/mĭɐŋ/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mi̯ɐŋ/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
míng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ming4 jat6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
míng
Middle
Chinese
‹ mjæng › ‹ nyit ›
Old
Chinese
/*mraŋ/ /*C.nik/
English bright sun; day

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 9188 10845
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*mraŋ/ /*njiɡ/

Noun

明日

  1. (literary or dialectal) tomorrow
  2. (literary, figurative) future

Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (明日):
  • Japanese: Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value); Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
  • Korean: 명일(明日) (myeong'il)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
あした
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Shift in meaning from (ashita, next morning),[1] itself cognate with (asa, morning).

The kanji spelling is from Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [àshítáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[2][3] as a noun
  • (Tokyo) [àshítá] (Heiban – [0])[2] as an adverb
  • IPA(key): [a̠ɕi̥ta̠]
  • (Kyoto) あした [áshítá] (Kōki - [0])[4]

Noun

明日(あした) • (ashita) 

  1. (colloquial) tomorrow
    明日(あした)(あめ)です
    Ashita wa ame desu ne.
    It seems like it will rain tomorrow.
    明日(あした)夕方(ゆうがた)
    ashita no yūgata
    tomorrow evening
Derived terms
  • 明日(あした)(てん)() (ashita tenki)
  • 明日(アシタ)(), 鹹草(アシタバ) (ashitaba, Angelica keiskei)
Proverbs
  • 明日(あした)明日(あした)(かぜ)() (ashita wa ashita no kaze ga fuku, tomorrow let tomorrow's winds blow → tomorrow is a new day)

Proper noun

明日(あした) • (Ashita) 

  1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
あす
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:

  • Possibly a shift from verb 明かす (akasu, to pass).
    */akasu/ → */akusu//asu/
  • Possibly an apophonic form of or cognate with (asa, morning).

The kanji spelling is an Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

Pronunciation

  • (Kyoto) [áꜜsù] (Kōki - [1])[4]

Noun

明日(あす) • (asu) 

  1. (polite) tomorrow
  2. the near future
Derived terms
Proverbs
  • 明日(あす)(こと)()えば(おに)(わら) (asu no koto o ieba oni ga warau)
  • 明日(あす)(ひゃく)より今日(きょう)()(じゅう) (asu no hyaku yori kyō no gojū)
  • 今日(きょう)あって明日(あす)ない() (kyō atte asu nai mi)
  • 今日(きょう)(ひと)(はり)明日(あす)()(はり) (kyō no hitohari asu no tohari)

Proper noun

明日(あす) • (asu) 

  1. a female given name

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
みょう
Grade: 2
にち
Grade: 1
goon

/mʲau nʲiti//mʲɔːɲit͡ɕi//mʲoːɲit͡ɕi/

From Middle Chinese compound 明日 (MC mjaeng nyit).

Pronunciation

Noun

(みょう)(にち) • (myōnichi) みやうにち (myauniti)?

  1. (formal) tomorrow
Derived terms
  • (こん)(みょう)(にち) (konmyōnichi)
  • (だい)(みょう)(にち) (daimyōnichi)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
めい
Grade: 2
じつ
Grade: 1
kan’on

From a later borrowing of Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value), using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally Han sound).

Rare reading.

Noun

(めい)(じつ) • (meijitsu) 

  1. (rare) tomorrow

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
ぬくい
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
irregular
Kanji in this term
あけ
Grade: 2

Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
みょう
Grade: 2

Grade: 1
goon kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
ぬく
Grade: 2

Grade: 1
irregular kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
あけ
Grade: 2

Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Proper noun

明日(ぬくい) or (あけ)() or (みょう)() or (ぬく)() or (あけ)() • (Nukui or Akehi or Myōga or Nukuhi or Akebi) 

  1. a surname

Usage notes

Note that the pronunciation differs depending on register, which also happens for the antonym “yesterday” and the coordinate term “today”. Corresponding in formality to ashita, asu, and myōnichi for “tomorrow” are 昨日 (kinō), 昨日 (kiso, rare), and 昨日 (sakujitsu) for “yesterday”; and きょう (kyō), 今日 (konnichi), and 本日 (honjitsu) for “today”.

Antonyms

Coordinate terms

(Time)
~-3−2−10+1+2Continual
Day 一昨昨日一昨日昨日今日Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)明後日毎日
Morning 一昨朝昨朝今朝明朝毎朝
Night 一昨晩昨晩今晩明晩毎晩
Week 先々週先週今週来週再来週毎週
Month 先々月先月今月来月再来月毎月
Year 一昨昨年一昨年去年今年来年再来年毎年

See also

References

  1. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
  5. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

明日 • (myeong'il) (hangeul 명일)

  1. Hanja form? of 명일 (tomorrow).

Okinawan

Etymology

Kanji in this term
あちゃー
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Cognate with mainland Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).

Noun

明日(あちゃー) (achā) 

  1. tomorrow

Old Japanese

Etymology

Possibly from an as- root that is cognate with or from an apophonic form of (asa, morning).

Noun

明日 (asu) (kana あす)

  1. tomorrow
    • 711-712, Kojiki, (poem 112):
      意岐米母夜阿布美能於岐米阿須用理波美夜麻賀久理弖美延受加母阿良牟
      Oki1me2 mo2 ya Apumi1 no2 Oki1me2 asu yo1ri pa mi1yama-gakurite mi1yezu ka mo2 aramu
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:明日.

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
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