他人

Chinese

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Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tārén

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄚㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taa¹ jan⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thaⁿ-lîn / thaⁿ-jîn / tha-lîn / tha-jîn / tháⁿ-jîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): ta¹ nang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tārén
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄚㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tarén
  - Wade–Giles: tʻa¹-jên²
  - Yale: tā-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taren
  - Palladius: тажэнь (tažɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: taa¹ jan⁴
  - Yale: tā yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taa¹ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ta¹ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thaⁿ-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: thann-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvaliin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰã⁴⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰã³³ lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰã⁴⁴⁻³³ lin²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thaⁿ-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: thann-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvajiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰã⁴⁴⁻³³ ʑin²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰã⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ʑin¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tha-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: tha-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: taliin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰa⁴⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰa³³ lin²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tha-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: tha-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tajiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰa⁴⁴⁻³³ ʑin²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰa⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ʑin¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tháⁿ-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: thánn-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvafjiin
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡ʑin²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ʑin²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ta¹ nang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tha nâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tha nyin

Rime
Character	他	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	託何切	如鄰切
Baxter	tha	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑ/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑ/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑ/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰa/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/tʰɑ/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/tʰɑ/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑ/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuō	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	to¹	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤaj ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːl njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	他	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tā	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tha ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/l̥ˁaj/ (E dialect: l̥ˁ- > MC th-)	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	another	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	他	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14765	10800
Phonetic component	也	人
Rime group	歌	眞
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	佗	仁
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰaːl/	/*njin/
Notes	俗與佗通用

Noun

他人

another person; other people; others
尊重他人 ― zūnzhòng tārén ― to respect others

主使他人打架 ― zhǔshǐ tārén dǎjià ― to incite others to fight

Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Derived terms

慷他人之慨 (kāng tārén zhī kǎi)
長他人志氣，滅自己威風／长他人志气，灭自己威风 (zhǎng tārén zhìqì, miè zìjǐ wēifēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (他人):

→ Japanese: Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
→ Korean: 타인(他人) (tain)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
他	人
た Grade: 3	にん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Noun

他(た)人(にん) • (tanin)

other people
stranger

Derived terms

赤(あか)の他人(たにん) (aka no tanin)

Related terms

他人事(ひとごと) (hitogoto), 他人事(たにんごと) (taningoto)

Korean

Hanja in this term
他	人

Noun

他人 • (tain) (hangeul 타인)

Hanja form^? of 타인 (“another person; other people”).

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