primus

See also: Primus and prímus

English

Etymology

From Latin prīmus (“[the] first”); related to prior, the comparative form. Partially cognate to foremost, from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpɹaɪməs/
Rhymes: -aɪməs

Noun

primus (plural primuses)

One of the bishops of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who presides at the meetings of the bishops, and has certain privileges but no metropolitan authority.
- 1884, Gonzalo Canilla, speech at the Centenary of the consecration of Samuel Seabury
  my own grandfather, some time Bishop of Edinburgh, among its Primuses

References

“primus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

purism

Latin

**Latin numbers ^(edit)**
	10
	I 1	2 → ^{[a], [b]}	10 →
Cardinal: ūnus Ordinal: prīmus Adverbial: semel Multiplier: simplex, simplus Distributive: singulī Collective: ūniō Fractional: integer

Etymology

From earlier prīsmos, from Proto-Italic *priisemos, a superlative form of the obsolete preposition *pri ~ *prei, related to prae (“before”) (see -issimus for the superlative), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂- (“before”). Compare prior (“earlier, in front”), the corresponding comparative. Cognate of Oscan promom, Umbrian promom (“first”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpriː.mus/, [ˈpriːmʊs̠]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpri.mus/, [ˈpriːmus]

Adjective

prīmus (feminine prīma, neuter prīmum, adverb prīmō); first/second-declension adjective

first, early

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Number	Singular			Plural
Nominative	prīmus	prīma	prīmum	prīmī	prīmae	prīma
Genitive	prīmī	prīmae	prīmī	prīmōrum	prīmārum	prīmōrum
Dative	prīmō	prīmae	prīmō	prīmīs
Accusative	prīmum	prīmam	prīmum	prīmōs	prīmās	prīma
Ablative	prīmō	prīmā	prīmō	prīmīs
Vocative	prīme	prīma	prīmum	prīmī	prīmae	prīma

Derived terms

Descendants

Descendants which mean "cousin" derive from the ellipsis of cōnsobrīnus prīmus (“first cousin”)

Insular romance:
- Sardinian: primmu, primu
Eastern Romance:
- Romanian: prim
- Istriot: preîmo
Italo-dalmatian:
- Dalmatian: prein
- Neapolitan: prime
  - Tarantino: prime
- Sicilian: primu
- Italian: primo, 1º m, 1ª f; I
  - → English: primo
  - Gallo-Italic:
- Emilian: premm
- Ligurian: primmo
- Lombard: primm, prumm
- Piedmontese: prim, prum
- Romagnol: prèm
Venetian: primo
Gallo-romance:
- Old French: prim, prime
  - French: prime
- → Middle English: prime
  - English: prime
  - Scots: prime
Ibero-romance:
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: primu
- Old Spanish: primo
  - Spanish: primo
- Old Galician-Portuguese: primo
  - Portuguese: primo
Occitano-romance:
- Old Occitan:
  - Catalan: prim
  - Occitan: prim
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: prin
- Ladin: prim, prum
- Romansch: emprim, emprem, amprem, prüm
→ English: primus
→ Old Irish: prím, prím-
- Irish: príomh-
- Manx: preeu-
- Scottish Gaelic: prìomh-
→ Proto-Brythonic: *priβ̃
- Welsh: prif

References

“primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
primus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
primus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences: primis (ut dicitur) or primoribus labris gustare or attingere litteras
- to receive the first elements of a liberal education: primis litterarum elementis imbui
- the actor who plays the leading part: actor primarum (secundarum, tertiarum) partium
- to give the palm, the first place (for wisdom) to some one: primas (e.g. sapientiae) alicui deferre, tribuere, concedere
- (ambiguous) at the first opportunity: primo quoque tempore
- (ambiguous) at the beginning of spring: ineunte, primo vere
- (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- (ambiguous) to be considered the foremost orator: primum or principem inter oratores locum obtinere
- (ambiguous) to occupy the first, second position in the state: principem (primum), secundum locum dignitatis obtinere
- (ambiguous) the vanguard: agmen primum
“primus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
primus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
“primus”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Primus.

Noun

primus n (plural primusuri)

kerosene stove

Declension

Declension of primus

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) primus	primusul	(niște) primusuri	primusurile
genitive/dative	(unui) primus	primusului	(unor) primusuri	primusurilor
vocative	primusule		primusurilor

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