naganap
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: na‧ga‧nap
- IPA(key): /naɡaˈnap/, [nɐ.ɣɐˈnap] (noun, verb:complete aspect)
- IPA(key): /ˈnaɡanap/, [ˈna.ɣɐ.nɐp] (verb:progressive aspect)
Noun
naganáp (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜄᜈᜉ᜔)
- (grammar) complete aspect; perfective
- (grammar) past tense
- Synonym: panahunang nagdaan
Adjective
naganáp (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜄᜈᜉ᜔)
Usage notes
As Tagalog grammar only uses aspect in verb conjugation, the sense of "past [tense]" is generally used only to refer to verb conjugations in languages that use tense.
Conjugation
Verb conjugation for naganap (Class IV) - ma intransitive verb
| Root word | ganap | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | ma- | maganap | naganap | nagaganap | magaganap | kagaganap1 kakaganap
|
| Locative | ka- -an | kagampanan | kinagampanan | kinakagampanan kinagagampanan |
kakagampanan kagagampanan |
— |
| Instrument | ipang- | ipangganap | ipinangganap | ipinapangganap | ipapangganap | — |
| Causative | ika- | ikaganap | ikinaganap | ikinagaganap1 ikinakaganap |
ikagaganap1 ikakaganap |
— |
| 1Used in formal contexts. 2Dialectal use only. | ||||||
Indirect (pa-) verb forms
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | magpa- | magpaganap | nagpaganap | nagpapaganap | magpapaganap | kapagaganap1 kapapaganap kapagpapaganap kakapaganap |
| Actor-secondary | pa- -in | pagampanin | pinaganap | pinagaganap pinapaganap |
pagagampanin papagampanin |
—
|
| Causative | ikapagpa- | ikapagpaganap | ikinapagpaganap | ikinapagpapaganap1 ikinakapagpaganap |
ikapagpapaganap1 ikakapagpaganap |
— |
| 1Used in formal contexts. | ||||||
Ability/involuntary (maka-/ma-) verb forms
| Direct action verbs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | maka- | makaganap | nakaganap | nakagaganap1 nakakaganap |
makagaganap1 makakaganap
|
| Indirect action verbs | |||||
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | makapagpa- | makapagpaganap | nakapagpaganap | nakapagpapaganap1 nakakapagpaganap |
makapagpapaganap1 makakapagpaganap |
| Actor-secondary | mapa- | mapaganap | napaganap | napagaganap1 napapaganap |
mapagaganap1 mapapaganap
|
| Causative | maikapagpa- | maikapagpaganap | naikapagpaganap | naikapagpapaganap1 naikakapagpaganap naiikapagpaganap |
maikapagpapaganap1 maikakapagpaganap maiikapagpaganap |
| 1Used in formal contexts. | |||||
Social (maki-) verb forms
| Form | Affix | Aspect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Direct | maki- | makiganap | nakiganap | nakikiganap | makikiganap |
| Indirect | makipagpa- | makipagpaganap | nakipagpaganap | nakikipagpaganap | makikipagpaganap |
Conjugation
Verb conjugation for naganap (Class I) - um/an object verb (with irregular -an form)
| Root word | ganap | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | -um- | gumanap | gumanap | gumaganap naganap2 |
gaganap maganap2 |
kagaganap1 kakaganap |
| Object | -an | gampanan | ginampanan | ginagampanan inagampanan2 |
gagampanan agampanan2 |
— |
| Locative | pag- -an | paggampanan | pinaggampanan | pinapaggampanan pinaggagampanan |
papaggampanan paggagampanan |
— |
| Benefactive | i- | iganap | iginanap | iginaganap | igaganap | — |
| Instrument | ipang- | ipangganap | ipinangganap | ipinapangganap | ipapangganap | — |
| Causative | ika- | ikaganap | ikinaganap | ikinagaganap1 ikinakaganap |
ikagaganap1 ikakaganap |
— |
| i-3 | iganap | iginanap | iginaganap | igaganap | — | |
| Measurement | i- | iganap | iginanap | iginaganap | igaganap | — |
| 1Used in formal contexts. 2Dialectal use only. 3Generally avoided unless the cause is emphasized. | ||||||
Indirect (pa-) verb forms
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | magpa- | magpaganap | nagpaganap | nagpapaganap | magpapaganap | kapagaganap1 kapapaganap kapagpapaganap kakapaganap |
| Actor-secondary | pa- -in | pagampanin | pinaganap | pinagaganap pinapaganap |
pagagampanin papagampanin |
— |
| Object | pa- -an | pagampanan | pinagampanan | pinapagampanan pinagagampanan |
papagampanan pagagampanan |
— |
| Benefactive | ipagpa- | ipagpaganap | ipinagpaganap | ipinagpapaganap1 ipinapagpaganap |
ipagpapaganap1 ipapagpaganap |
— |
| Causative | ikapagpa- | ikapagpaganap | ikinapagpaganap | ikinapagpapaganap1 ikinakapagpaganap |
ikapagpapaganap1 ikakapagpaganap |
— |
| Locative | pagpa- -an | pagpagampanan | pinagpagampanan | pinagpapagagampanan1 pinapagpagampanan |
pagpapagagampanan1 papagpagampanan |
— |
| papag- -an | papaggampanan | pinapaggampanan | pinapapaggampanan | papapaggampanan | — | |
| 1Used in formal contexts. | ||||||
Ability/involuntary (maka-/ma-) verb forms
| Direct action verbs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | maka- | makaganap | nakaganap | nakagaganap1 nakakaganap |
makagaganap1 makakaganap
|
| mapa-2 | mapaganap | napaganap | napagaganap1 napapaganap |
mapagaganap1 mapapaganap | |
| Object | ma- -an | magampanan | nagampanan | nagagampanan | magagampanan |
| Benefactive | mai- | maiganap | naiganap | naigaganap | maigaganap |
| Causative | maika- | maikaganap | naikaganap | naikagaganap1 naikakaganap naiikaganap |
naikagaganap1 naikakaganap naiikaganap |
| mai- | maiganap | naiganap | naigaganap | maigaganap | |
| Locative | mapag- -an | mapagganapan | napagganapan | napaggaganapan1 napapagganapan |
mapaggaganapan1 mapapagganapan |
| Indirect action verbs | |||||
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | makapagpa- | makapagpaganap | nakapagpaganap | nakapagpapaganap1 nakakapagpaganap |
makapagpapaganap1 makakapagpaganap |
| Actor-secondary | mapa- | mapaganap | napaganap | napagaganap1 napapaganap |
mapagaganap1 mapapaganap |
| Object | mapa- -an | mapagampanan | napagampanan | napagagampanan1 napapagampanan |
mapagagampanan1 mapapagampanan |
| Benefactive | maipagpa- | maipagpaganap | naipagpaganap | naipagpapaganap1 naipapagpaganap naiipagpaganap |
maipagpapaganap1 maipapagpaganap maiipagpaganap |
| Causative | maikapagpa- | maikapagpaganap | naikapagpaganap | naikapagpapaganap1 naikakapagpaganap naiikapagpaganap |
maikapagpapaganap1 maikakapagpaganap maiikapagpaganap |
| Locative | mapagpa- -an | mapagpagampanan | napagpagampanan | napagpapagagampanan1 napapagpagampanan |
mapagpapagagampanan1 mapapagpagampanan |
| mapapag- -an | mapapaggampanan | napapaggampanan | napapapaggampanan | mapapapaggampanan | |
| 1Used in formal contexts. 2Only for involuntary actions, not for ability verbs. | |||||
Social (maki-) verb forms
| Form | Affix | Aspect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Direct | maki- | makiganap | nakiganap | nakikiganap | makikiganap |
| Indirect | makipagpa- | makipagpaganap | nakipagpaganap | nakikipagpaganap | makikipagpaganap |
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