llwm

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *lummo-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to bend; to peel, tear, flake off, damage”), see also Lithuanian lùpti (“to peel”), Latvian lupt (“to peel; eat”), Proto-Slavic *lupiti (“to peel”).[1] Cognate with Old Irish lomm.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɬʊm/
  • Rhymes: -ʊm

Adjective

llwm (feminine singular llom, plural llymion, equative llymed, comparative llymach, superlative llymaf)

  1. barren, bleak, bare
    Synonyms: moel, noeth, agored
    • 1918, Hedd Wyn, Atgo:
      Dim ond lleuad borffor / Ar fin y mynydd llwm; / A sŵn hen afon Prysor / Yn canu yn y Cwm.
      Only a purple moon / On the edge of the bare mountain; / And the sound of the old river Prysor / Singing in the Valley.
  2. poor, destitute
    Synonyms: tlawd, anghenus

Derived terms
  • llymder (“poverty, destitution”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
llwm lwm unchanged unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “llwm”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
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