grg

See also: GRG

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (noun): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈkʼalkʼVw/ → /ˈkʼalkʼVw/ → /ˈkʼalkʼə/ → /ˈkʼalkʼ/

Verb
g
r		 grg

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to set in order or prepare (the earth by working it)
  2. (transitive) to set up, to found, to construct
    • 17th Dynasty, The Autobiography of Admiral Ahmose: Part I:[1]
      x
      r      		 Aa13M3
      x t      		 g
      r      		 U17
      Y1      		 nA1pr
      Z1
      ḫr m ḫt grg.n.j pr […]
      Then later, I set up the household […]
  3. (transitive) to furnish, to equip

Inflection
Conjugation of grg (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: grg, geminated stem: grgg
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 grgt
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 ḥr grg
 m grg
 r grg
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect grg.n
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 consecutive grg.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative grgt
perfective3 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 grg.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 grgg
 potentialis1 grg.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect grg.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
imperfective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
prospective Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
 — grgtj4, grgt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Derived terms

Noun
g
r		 grgA2

 m

  1. lie, falsehood [since the end of the Old Kingdom]
    • c. 1600 BCE, Westcar Papyrus, column 6, line 24:[2]
      D35r
      x      		 Y1
      n      		 tWmA
      mAa      		 a
      t Z5      		 Y1
      Z2      		 rg
      r      		 grgG37
      Z2
      nj rḫ.n.tw mꜣꜥt r grg
      One cannot distinguish truth from falsehood.
  2. unjust, unfair, or wrong way of thinking
  3. injustice

Inflection
Declension of grg (masculine)
singular Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
dual grgwj
plural grgw

Alternative forms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Synonyms
  • (lie, falsehood): jzft

Antonyms

Descendants
  • Demotic: glk

References
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 215.
  1. Middle Egyptian Grammar: The Autobiography of Admiral Ahmose: Part I , Dr. Gabor Toth, Rutgers University.
  2. Nederhof, Mark-Jan, Papyrus Westcar, page 25
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