意志

Chinese
 
idea; meaning; wish
idea; meaning; wish; desire; Italy (abbrev.)
 the will
simp. and trad.
(意志)		 意 志
alternative forms 毅志
anagram 志意

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 之 (19) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 於記切 職吏切
Baxter 'iH tsyiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨH/ /t͡ɕɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔɨH/ /t͡ɕɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔieH/ /t͡ɕieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɨH/ /cɨH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiəH/ /t͡ɕiəH/
Wang
Li		 /ĭəH/ /t͡ɕĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔiH/ /t͡ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yì zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ji3 zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yì zhì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔiH › ‹ tsyiH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔ(r)ək-s/ /*tə-s/
English thought (n.) goal, intention, aspiration

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 15153 17190
Phonetic
component		 意 之
Rime
group		 代 之
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 意 志
Old
Chinese		 /*qɯɡs/ /*tjɯs/
Notes 說文之聲

Noun

意志

  1. will; determination; volition; intent
    堅強意志／坚强意志  ―  jiānqiáng yìzhì  ―  strong will
    政府意志  ―  zhèngfǔ yìzhì  ―  government will

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (意志):
  • → Japanese: 意志(いし) (ishi)
  • → Korean: 의지(意志) (uiji)
  • → Vietnamese: ý chí (意志)

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
意 志
い
Grade: 3		 し
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Coined by Japanese politician (1829-1897) Nishi Amane as a translation of English will,[1] and became established by being included in the 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) by Inoue Tetsujirō.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

意(い)志(し) • (ishi) 

  1. will (intention or decision)

Derived terms
  • 意(い)志(し)的(てき) (ishiteki)
  • 意(い)志(し)薄(はく)弱(じゃく) (ishi hakujaku)
  • 一(いっ)般(ぱん)意(い)志(し) (ippan ishi)
  • 権(けん)力(りょく)意(い)志(し) (kenryoku ishi)
  • 自(じ)由(ゆう)意(い)志(し) (jiyū ishi)
  • 集(しゅう)合(ごう)意(い)志(し) (shūgō ishi)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “意志”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881), “哲学字彙”, in National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics‎, University of Tokyo, page 99
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
意志

Noun

意志 • (uiji) (hangeul 의지)

  1. Hanja form? of 의지 (“determination”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
意志

Noun

意志

  1. chữ Hán form of ý chí (“willpower”).
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