U+52FF, 勿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52FF

[U+52FE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5300]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 20, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心竹竹 (PHH), four-corner 27220, composition 丿丿)

Derived characters

See also

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 150, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2501
  • Dae Jaweon: page 339, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 255, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+52FF

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) blood on a knife; the original character of (OC *mɯnʔ, “to cut”). Phonetically borrowed for the negative particle since the time of the oracle bone script.

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

do not (verb) him/her/it!
Fusion of (OC *ma, “should not; don't!”) with (OC *tjɯ, “third-person pronoun”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter mjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/miut̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/miuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mut̚/
Li
Rong
/miuət̚/
Wang
Li
/mĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mat6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ mjut › ‹ mjut ›
Old
Chinese
/*mut/ /*mut/
English don"t not ... it

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13219
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*mɯd/
Notes

Definitions

  1. (literary or formal, imperative) do not; don't
    吸煙吸烟   qǐng xīyān   no smoking (lit. please do not smoke)
  2. (literary) not
  3. Used in 勿勿.
Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

  • 切勿 (qièwù)
  • 勿勿
  • 勿失良機勿失良机
  • 勿忘草 (wùwàngcǎo)
  • 勿枉勿縱勿枉勿纵
  • 勿罔
  • 勿藥勿药
  • 勿藥有喜勿药有喜
  • 勿藥而愈勿药而愈
  • 勿里洞
  • 厥疾勿瘳
  • 四勿
  • 密勿
  • 密勿從事密勿从事
  • 寧缺勿濫宁缺勿滥
  • 少安勿躁 (shǎo'ān wùzào)
  • 得勿
  • 早占勿藥早占勿药
  • 格殺勿論格杀勿论 (géshāwùlùn)
  • 潛龍勿用潜龙勿用
  • 直言勿諱直言勿讳
  • 窮寇勿追穷寇勿追
  • 過勿憚改过勿惮改
  • 雖休勿休虽休勿休
  • 高枕勿憂高枕勿忧

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) According to Pan (2002), developed from a labiodentalized and checked variant of (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ').

In certain varieties the initial has gained voicing and in some cases caused the word shifted to yang tones, either restricted to specific syntactical positions or in all contexts.

Pronunciation


  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wugniu: 8veq; 7veq
      • Wiktionary Romanisation: 5veq; 4veq
      • Sinological IPA (key): /vəʔ¹²/, /vəʔ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • 5veq - tonal innovation specific to urban Shanghainese, demonstrates same left-prominent tone sandhi pattern as tone 3 in chains of more than 3 character;
  • 4veq - the character sandhis as tone 4 in urban Shanghainese and most Suburban Shanghainese varieties, sometimes also realised as [βəʔ~ʋəʔ] depending on absence or presence of the /u/-/β/ merger often recognized as a shared innovation across suburban Shanghainese varieties.

Definitions

  1. (Wu) not
    [Shanghainese]   5te-veq-chi [Wugniu]   Sorry
    年輕人垃圾閒話 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    年轻人垃圾闲话 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    8veq-iau 8ghoq 8geq-tson 6gni-chin-gnin 5kaon 0gheq 1la-shi 6ghe-gho [Wugniu]
    Don't learn this type of delinquent, horrible language!
Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Usage notes
  • In Shanghainese, has the same sandhi as the light departing (陽去) tone, as opposed to the expected light checked (陽入) tone.

Compounds

  • 一動勿如一靜一动勿如一静
  • 一客勿煩兩主一客勿烦两主
  • 一心勿能兩用一心勿能两用
  • 三勿罷,四勿休三勿罢,四勿休
  • 三句勿離本行三句勿离本行
  • 三鈿勿作兩鈿三钿勿作两钿
  • 勿……勿要銅鈿勿……勿要铜钿
  • 勿怕兇,獨怕窮勿怕凶,独怕穷
  • 勿怕笨,只怕混
  • 勿管三七廿一
  • 天勿怕,地勿怕
  • 日勿做,夜摸索
  • 河水勿犯井水
  • 烏勿三,白勿四乌勿三,白勿四
  • 風勿搖,水勿動风勿摇,水勿动

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Min Nan) Alternative form of ((imperative) do not; don't)

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 卹勿.

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. negation
  2. prohibition

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Compounds

Noun

(ぶつ) • (butsu) 

(もち) • (mochi) 

  1. must not, do not, be not

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (mal mul))
(eumhun 아닐 (anil mul))

  1. Hanja form? of (must not, do not).
  2. Hanja form? of (never).

(eumhun 없을 (eopseul mol))

  1. Hanja form? of (without, lacking).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: vật, vặt, vất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang

Noun

  1. Sawndip form of fwed (wing)
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