ܬܡܠ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms
  • ܐܸܬ݂ܡܵܠܝ‎ (iṯmāl), ܬܸܡܵܠܝ‎ (timmāl)

Etymology

From Aramaic אֵתמָלי‎ (ʾeṯmāl); related to Hebrew אֶתְמוֹל‎ (etmól, “yesterday”) and Ugaritic 𐎛𐎚𐎎𐎍 (ỉtml).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [tɪm.mɑlː]

Adverb

ܬܸܡܵܠ • (timmāl)

  1. yesterday
    Coordinate terms: ܐܸܕܝܘܿܡ‎ (idyom), ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ‎ (qudmē)
    ‏ܐܸܕܝܘܿܡ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܒܲܣܝܼܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ، ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܬܸܡܵܠ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܕܩܲܪܬܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ.‎‎
    idyom yāwmā basīmā ìlēh, īnā timmāl yāwmā d-qartā ìwā.
    Today is a beautiful day, but yesterday was cold.

Usage notes
  • While ܬܸܡܵܠ (timmāl) traditionally and technically means yesterday, in many colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic dialects it can mean both yesterday and tomorrow; this is the suggested word for yesterday in Iraqi Koine, with ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ‎ (qudmē) being for tomorrow.
    In such dialects, the phrases ܬܸܡܵܠ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܹܗ‎ (timmāl dˁḇīrēh, literally “yesterday that passed”) and ܬܸܡܵܠ ܕܐܵܬܹܐ‎ (timmāl d-ātē, literally “yesterday that will come”) are used to disambiguate

Derived terms
  • ܬܸܡܵܠ ܒܠܲܝܠܹܐ‎ (timmāl blaylē, “last night”)
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