ܚܘܠܦܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology 1
| Root |
|---|
| ܚ ܠ ܦ (ḥ l p) |
| 5 terms |
Compare Hebrew חִלּוּף (khilúf) with the sense of “apposition” a calque of Arabic بَدَل (badal).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [xul.lɑːpɑː]
Noun
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܐ • (ḥullāpā) m sg (plural ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥūlāpē))
- exchange, replacement
- compensation
- (grammar) interchangeability (e.g. of letters)
- (grammar) apposition
Inflection
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܝܼ (ḥūlāpī) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܢ (ḥūlāpan) | ||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܵܦ (ḥūlāp) |
2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼܟ݂ (ḥūlāpūḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥūlāpāḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥūlāpāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܐ (ḥullāpā) |
3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹܗ (ḥūlāpēh) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܗ̇ (ḥūlāpāh) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܗܘܿܢ (ḥūlāphōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܝܼ̈ (ḥūlāpī) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܢ̈ (ḥūlāpan) | ||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܝ̈ (ḥūlāpay) |
2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥūlāpūḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥūlāpāḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥūlāpāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥūlāpē) |
3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥūlāpūh) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥūlāpōh) |
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥūlāphōn) | ||
Etymology 2
Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac.
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [xul.pɑː]
Inflection
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܦܝܼ (ḥulpī) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܲܢ (ḥulpan) | ||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܲܦ (ḥūlap) |
2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼܟ݂ (ḥulpūḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥulpāḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥulpāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܦܵܐ (ḥulpā) |
3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܹܗ (ḥulpēh) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܗ̇ (ḥulpāh) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܗܘܿܢ (ḥulphōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܦܝܼ̈ (ḥulpī) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܲܢ̈ (ḥulpan) | ||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܝ̈ (ḥulpay) |
2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥulpūḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥulpāḵ) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥulpāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥulpē) |
3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥulpūh) |
ܚܘܼܠܦ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥulpōh) |
ܚܘܼܠܦܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥulphōn) | ||
Classical Syriac
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħulpɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ħulpe(ʔ)] (plural)
Inflection
Irregular absolute and construct singular with a varying Waw.
declension of ܚܘܠܦܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܚܠܘܦ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ |
| construct | ܚܠܘܦ | ܚܘܠܦܝ |
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | ܚܘܠܦܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܚܘܠܦܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܝܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܚܘܠܦܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܚܘܠܦܗܝܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܝܢ |
Etymology 2
From the root ܚ-ܠ-ܦ (ḥ-l-p) related to changing; compare Hebrew חילוף / חִלּוּף (ḥillūp̄). The sense of "apposition" is a calque of Arabic بَدَل (badal).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħullɑfɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ħullɑfe(ʔ)] (plural)
Noun
ܚܘܠܦܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܘܠܦܐ)
Inflection
inflection of ܚܘܠܦܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܚܘܠܦ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ |
| construct | ܚܘܠܦ | ܚܘܠܦܝ |
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | ܚܘܠܦܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܚܘܠܦܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܚܘܠܦܟܝܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܚܘܠܦܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܚܘܠܦܗܝܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܝܢ |
References
- “ḥwlp”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 106b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 132a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 426b-427a
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