ܐܟܡ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܐ ܟ ܡ‎ (ˀ k m)
4 terms

Denominal verb from ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ‎ (kōmā, “black”), from Aramaic אוּכָּמָא‎ (ʾukkāmā); compare Hebrew אָכַם‎ (akhám, “to be sun-burnt, black, dark-colored”)

Alternative forms

ܟܵܝܹܡ‎ (kāyēm)

Pronunciation

(standard) IPA^(key): [ɑːkemː]
(Urmian) IPA^(key): [ɑːt͡ʃɪmː]

Verb

ܐܵܟܹܡ • (ākēm) (present participle ܐ݇ܟܵܡܵܐ‎ (kāmā), past participle ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܵܐ‎ (kīmā))

to blacken
Synonym: ܫܵܚܹܪ‎ (šāḥēr)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܐܵܟܹܡ (ākēm)

		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ‎ (kīm lī)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂‎ (kīm lūḵ)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ‎ (kīm lēh)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ‎ (kīm lan)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (kīm lāwḵōn)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ‎ (kīm lhōn)
past	f	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ‎ (kīm lī)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ‎ (kīm lāḵ)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇‎ (kīm lāh)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ‎ (kīm lan)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (kīm lāwḵōn)	ܐܟܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ‎ (kīm lhōn)
non-past	m	ܐܵܟܡܹܢ‎ (ākmēn)	ܐܵܟܡܹܬ‎ (ākmēt)	Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (ākēm)	ܐܵܟܡܲܚ‎ (ākmaḥ)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (ākmītōn)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼ‎ (ākmī)
non-past	f	ܐܵܟܡܵܢ‎ (ākmān)	ܐܵܟܡܵܬܝ‎ (ākmāt)	ܐܵܟܡܵܐ‎ (ākmā)	ܐܵܟܡܲܚ‎ (ākmaḥ)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (ākmītōn)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼ‎ (ākmī)
imperative	m		ܐܟܘܿܡ‎ (kōm)			ܐܟܘܿܡܘܼܢ‎ (kōmūn)
imperative	f		ܐܟܘܿܡܝ‎ (kōm)			ܐܟܘܿܡܘܼܢ‎ (kōmūn)

Etymology 2

Root
ܐ ܛ ܡ‎ (ˀ ṭ m)
1 term

From the older form ܐܵܛܸܡ‎ (āṭim), from Aramaic אֲטַם‎ (ʾăṭam), with the /ṭ/ shifting to /č̣/ as observed in many words; compare Hebrew אָטַם‎ (atám, “to seal”), Classical Syriac ܐܛܡ‎ (“to close, shut”). The variant form ܟ̰ܵܐܸܡ‎ (čāˀim) also experienced the same shift.

Alternative forms

ܟ̰ܵܐܸܡ‎ (čāˀim)

Pronunciation

(standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːt͡ʃˤeːm]
(Urmian) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːt͡ʃˤɪm]

Verb

ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ • (āčēm) (present participle ܐ݇ܟ̰ܵܡܵܐ‎ (čāmā), past participle ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܵܐ‎ (čīmā))

to close, shut
Synonyms: ܣܵܟ݂ܹܪ‎ (sāḵēr), ܕܵܒ݂ܹܪ‎ (dāḇēr)

‏ܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܘܟܵܘܬܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܦܵܬܚܝܼ ܘܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼ ܥܲܠ ܥܸܩܒ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ.‎‎
tarˁā w-kāwtā kē pātḥī wāčmī ˁal ˁiqḇhōn.
A door and a window open and close on their hinges.
(figurative) to be obstinate
‏ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܹܗ.‎‎ ― čīm lāh nafšēh. ― He was stubborn and unable to learn anything (literally, “His soul closed up.”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ (āčēm)

		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ‎ (čīm lī)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂‎ (čīm lūḵ)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ‎ (čīm lēh)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ‎ (čīm lan)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (čīm lāwḵōn)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ‎ (čīm lhōn)
past	f	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ‎ (čīm lī)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ‎ (čīm lāḵ)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇‎ (čīm lāh)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ‎ (čīm lan)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (čīm lāwḵōn)	ܐܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ‎ (čīm lhōn)
non-past	m	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܹܢ‎ (āčmēn)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܹܬ‎ (āčmēt)	Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (āčēm)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܲܚ‎ (āčmaḥ)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (āčmītōn)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼ‎ (āčmī)
non-past	f	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܢ‎ (āčmān)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܬܝ‎ (āčmāt)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܐ‎ (āčmā)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܲܚ‎ (āčmaḥ)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (āčmītōn)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼ‎ (āčmī)
imperative	m		ܐܟ̰ܘܿܡ‎ (čōm)			ܐܟ̰ܘܿܡܘܼܢ‎ (čōmūn)
imperative	f		ܐܟ̰ܘܿܡܝ‎ (čōm)			ܐܟ̰ܘܿܡܘܼܢ‎ (čōmūn)

Derived terms

ܟ̰ܵܡܹܥ‎ (čāmēˁ, “to quench, extinguish”)

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