سبز

See also: سپر‎, ستر‎, and شتر‎

Persian
An Iranian woman in a سبز (sabz) hijab.

Etymology

From Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”), of uncertain origin.

Morgenstierne derives the word from an unattested form [script needed] (*sapači-) and connects it, along with Pashto سابه‎ (sābә́, “vegetables, greens”), to Ancient Greek κῆπος (kêpos, “garden”).

Henning is skeptical of this, however, and relates the word to Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt, “radiant, verdant”), deriving both from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)- (“to sprout, bloom, blossom”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”); compare Latin spargō (“to scatter, strew”), Old Irish arg (“a drop”), Lithuanian sprogti (“a bud, a shoot”), Northern Sami sprygg (“active, brisk”), Old Norse freknur (“speckles”) (whence English freckle), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀‎ (fra-sparega, “twig, branch, something jerked off of a tree”), Sanskrit पर्जन्य (parjanya, “rain god, rain”).

Cheung does not consider Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt) to be descended from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)-, and instead derives it from Proto-Iranian *spaič / *spaiĵ (“to shine; to bloom”), which appears to be an exclusively Iranian root.

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? saḇz
Dari reading? sabz
Iranian reading? sabz
Tajik reading? sabz
Dari سبز‎
Iranian Persian
Tajik сабз

Noun

سبز • (sabz) (plural سبزها‎ (sabz-hâ))

  1. green

Adjective

سبز • (sabz)

  1. green

Descendants

See also
Colors, Iranian Persian
Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا‎ (rang-hâ) (layout · text)
     سِفید‎ (sefid)      خَاکِسْتَری‎ (xâkestari), توسی‎ (tusi)      سِیَاه‎ (siyâh), مِشْکی‎ (meški)
             سُرْخ‎ (sorx), قِرْمِز‎ (ğermez); زِرِشْکی‎ (zereški)              نَارِنْجی‎ (nârenji); قَهْوِه‌ای‎ (ğahve-i), بور‎ (bur)              زَرْد‎ (zard); کِرِم‎ (kerem)
             سَبْزِ لیمویی‎ (sabz-e limuyi)              سَبْز‎ (sabz)             
             آبیِ دَرْیَایی‎ (âbi-ye daryâyi); سَبْزِ دودی‎ (sabz-e dudi), فیروزِه‌ای‎ (firuze-i)              لَاجْوَرْدی‎ (lâjvardi)              آبی‎ (âbi), سُرْمِه‌ای‎ (sorme-i)
             بَنَفْش‎ (banafš); نیلی‎ (nili)              سُرْخَابی‎ (sorxâbi); اَرْغَوَانی‎ (arğavâni)              صورَتی‎ (surati)
Colors, Dari Persian
Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا‎ (rang-hā) (layout · text)
     سَفید‎ (safēd)      خَاکِسْتَرِی‎ (xākistarī), فولَادِی‎ (fōlādī)      سِیَاه‎ (siyāh), مُشْکِی‎ (muškī)
             سُرْخ‎ (surx); قِرْمِزِی‎ (qirmizī)              نَارَنْجِی‎ (nāranjī); نَسْوَارِی‎ (naswārī), بور‎ (bōr), قَهْوَه‌یِی‎ (qahwa-yī)              زَرْد‎ (zard); کِرِیمِی‎ (kirīmī)
             سَبْزِ لِیمُویِی‎ (sabz-i līmūyī)              سَبْز‎ (sabz)              سَبْزِ آبِی‎ (sabz-i ābī)
             آبِیِ دَرْیَایِی‎ (ābī-yi daryāyī); سَبْزِ دُودِی‎ (sabz-i dūdī), فیروزَه‌یِی‎ (fērōza-yī)              آسْمَانِی‎ (āsmānī)              آبِی‎ (ābī), آبِیِ تِیرَه‎ (ābī-yi tīra)
             بِنَفْش‎ (binafš); نِیلِی‎ (nīlī)              سُرْخَابِی‎ (surxābī); اَرْغَوَانِی‎ (arğawānī), بَانْجَانِی‎ (bānjānī)              گُلَابِی‎ (gulābī)

References
  • Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 66
  • Henning, Walter (1947), “Two Manichaen Magical Texts with an Excursus on the Parthian Ending -endeh”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎, Cambridge University Press, pages 46-47
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 198-199; 350

Urdu
سبز (sabz) greenery and background of the star and crescent symbol on the train.

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سبز‎ (sabz), itself from Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”). Compare Kashmiri سَبٕز‎ (sabụz).

Pronunciation

Adjective

سبز • (sabz) (Hindi spelling सब्ज़)

  1. green
  2. raw
  3. unripe
  4. fresh

Synonyms
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.