чи
See also: -чи and Appendix:Variations of "ci"
Dungan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Noun
чи • (či) (III)
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Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *kəči~*kičə, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kečä. Cognates include Moksha ши (ši, “sun, day, weather”), Finnish kehä (“circle, ring”), Eastern Mari кече (keče, “sun, day”), Komi-Zyrian киш (kiš, “ring, halo”).
The *kəči > *či~*ši shift possibly influenced by *ve (“night”).
Noun
чи • (či)
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “чи”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #275 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Kalmyk
Etymology
From Proto-Mongolic *ci.
See also
Kalmyk personal pronouns
| 1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | singular | singular polite | plural | plural polite | regular | from бий (biy, “body”) | |||
| nominative | би (bi) | мадн (madn) | бидн (bidn) | чи (çi) | та (ta) | тадн (tadn) | таанр (taanr) | эврән (evrän), эврәннь (evrännʹ) | бийнь (biynʹ) | ||
| oblique | нам (nam) | ма (ma) | бид (bid) | чи (çi) | та (ta) | тадн (tadn) | таанр (taanr) | эврә (evrä) | бийнь (biynʹ) | ||
| genitive | мини (mini) | мана (mana) | биднә (bidnä) | чини (çini) | тана (tana) | тадна (tadna) | таанрин (taanrin) | эврә (evrä) | бийин (biyin) | ||
| dative | намд (namd), нанд (nand) | манд (mand) | биднд (bidnd) | чамд (çamd) | танд (tand) | таднд (tadnd) | таанрт (taanrt) | эврәд (evräd) | бийд (biyd) | ||
| accusative | намаг (namag), нама (nama), нәмәг (nämäg) | мадниг (madnig), маниг (manig) | бидниг (bidnig) | чамаг (çamag) | таниг (tanig) | тадниг (tadnig) | таанриг (taanrig) | эврәг (evräg) | бийинь (biyinʹ), бийән (biyän) | ||
| instrumental | намар (namar), нанар (nanar) | маднар (madnar), манар (manar) | биднәр (bidnär) | чамар (çamar) | танар (tanar) | таднар (tadnar) | таанрар (taanrar) | эврәһәр (evräğär) | бийәрн (biyärn) | ||
| comitative | намла (namla), нанла (nanla) | маднла (madnla), манла (manla) | биднлә (bidnlä) | чамла (çamla) | танла (tanla) | таднла (tadnla) | таанрла (taanrla) | эврәлә (evrälä) | бийлә (biylä) | ||
| associative | намта (namta), нанта (nanta) | маднта (madnta), манта (manta) | биднтә (bidntä) | чамта (çamta) | танта (tanta) | таднта (tadnta) | таанрта (taanrta) | эврәтә (evrätä) | бийтә (biytä) | ||
| ablative | намас (namas), нанас (nanas) | маднас (madnas), манас (manas) | биднәс (bidnäs) | чамас (çamas) | танас (tanas) | таднас (tadnas) | таанрас (taanras) | эврәһәс (evräğäs) | бийәсн (biyäsn) | ||
| directive | намур (namur), нанур (nanur) | маднур (madnur), манур (manur) | биднүр (bidnür) | чамур (çamur) | танур (tanur) | таднур (tadnur) | таанрур (taanrur) | эврәһүр (evräğür) | бийүрн (biyürn) | ||
Mongolian
Etymology
From Classical Mongolian ᠴᠢ (či), from Middle Mongol ᠴᠢ (či), from Proto-Mongolic *ci. Cognate with Dongxiang chi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt͡ɕʰi/
- Syllabification: чи (1 syllable)
Pronoun
чи • (či) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠢ (či))
- (informal) you (subject pronoun: the person being addressed)
Declension
Declension of чи
| nominative | чи (či) |
|---|---|
| oblique | чам (čam) |
| possessive determiner | чиний (činii) |
| possessive pronoun | чинийх (činiix) |
| possessive particle | чинь (činʹ) |
| dative-locative | чамд (čamd) |
| accusative | чамайг (čamajg) |
| ablative | чамаас (čamaas) |
| instrumental | чамаар (čamaar) |
| comitative | чамтай (čamtaj) |
| directional | чам руу (čam ruu) |
Nivkh
Ossetian
Etymology
From Middle Persian kē.
Declension
Declension of чи
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Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Ruthenian чи (či), from Old East Slavic чи (či), from Proto-Slavic *či, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéy, initially instrumental singular of pronoun *kʷo-／*kʷe-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡ʃɪ]
Audio (file)
Synonyms
- або́ (abó)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “чи”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
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