sruth

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish sruth (“stream, river, current”), from Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd, Breton froud and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

sruth m (genitive singular srutha or srotha, nominative plural sruthanna or srothanna or srotha)

  1. stream
    Synonym: sruthlán
  2. current, flow
    Synonyms: sreabhadh, sreabh
  3. (electricity) current, mains

Declension
Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sruth sruthanna
Vocative a shruth a shruthanna
Genitive srutha sruthanna
Dative sruth sruthanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an sruth na sruthanna
Genitive an tsrutha na sruthanna
Dative leis an sruth

don sruth

 leis na sruthanna

Alternative declensions:

Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sruth srothanna
Vocative a shruth a shrothanna
Genitive srotha srothanna
Dative sruth srothanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an sruth na srothanna
Genitive an tsrotha na srothanna
Dative leis an sruth

don sruth

 leis na srothanna
Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sruth srotha
Vocative a shruth a shrotha
Genitive srotha srothann
Dative sruth srotha

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an sruth na srotha
Genitive an tsrotha na srothann
Dative leis an sruth

don sruth

 leis na srotha

Derived terms

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sruth shruth
after an, tsruth		 not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “Sruto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 81
  3. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 77

Further reading
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “sruth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “sruth” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “sruth” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sruθ/

Noun

sruth n or m (genitive srotho, nominative plural srotha)

  1. stream, river, current
  2. strait, stream, current (of sea)
  3. foray, sortie, attack

Inflection
Masculine u-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sruth sruthL srothae
Vocative sruth sruthL srothu
Accusative sruthN sruthL srothu
Genitive srothoH, srothaH srotho, srotha srothaeN
Dative sruthL srothaib srothaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Irish: sruth
  • Manx: stroo
  • Scottish Gaelic: sruth

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish sruth (“stream, river, current”), from Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /s̪t̪ɾuh/

Noun

sruth m (genitive singular sruith or srutha, plural sruthan)

  1. stream, burn
  2. flow, rush (of water)
  3. current

Synonyms
  • (stream, burn): allt

Derived terms

Verb

sruth (past sruth, future sruthaidh, verbal noun sruthadh, past participle sruthte)

  1. flow, stream

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
sruthshruth
after "an", t-sruth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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