sortaa

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sortadak (“to tip over, knock down”). Cognate with Ingrian sortaa, Karelian šortua, Ludian sortta and Veps sorta.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsortɑːˣ/, [ˈs̠o̞rt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ortɑː
  • Syllabification(key): sor‧taa

Verb

sortaa

  1. (transitive) to trample
  2. (transitive, usually atelic) to oppress, persecute, tyrannize, repress, bully
  3. (transitive, nautical) to cause to drift leeward
  4. (transitive, now dialectal) to tip over, cause to fall over, knock down
  5. (transitive, rare) Synonym of sorruttaa

Conjugation

sorti is preferred over sorsi as a past tense form.

Inflection of sortaa (Kotus type 55*K/soutaa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. sorran en sorra 1st sing. olen sortanut en ole sortanut
2nd sing. sorrat et sorra 2nd sing. olet sortanut et ole sortanut
3rd sing. sortaa ei sorra 3rd sing. on sortanut ei ole sortanut
1st plur. sorramme emme sorra 1st plur. olemme sortaneet emme ole sortaneet
2nd plur. sorratte ette sorra 2nd plur. olette sortaneet ette ole sortaneet
3rd plur. sortavat eivät sorra 3rd plur. ovat sortaneet eivät ole sortaneet
passive sorretaan ei sorreta passive on sorrettu ei ole sorrettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. sorrin
sorsin		 en sortanut 1st sing. olin sortanut en ollut sortanut
2nd sing. sorrit
sorsit		 et sortanut 2nd sing. olit sortanut et ollut sortanut
3rd sing. sorti
sorsi		 ei sortanut 3rd sing. oli sortanut ei ollut sortanut
1st plur. sorrimme
sorsimme		 emme sortaneet 1st plur. olimme sortaneet emme olleet sortaneet
2nd plur. sorritte
sorsitte		 ette sortaneet 2nd plur. olitte sortaneet ette olleet sortaneet
3rd plur. sortivat
sorsivat		 eivät sortaneet 3rd plur. olivat sortaneet eivät olleet sortaneet
passive sorrettiin ei sorrettu passive oli sorrettu ei ollut sorrettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. sortaisin en sortaisi 1st sing. olisin sortanut en olisi sortanut
2nd sing. sortaisit et sortaisi 2nd sing. olisit sortanut et olisi sortanut
3rd sing. sortaisi ei sortaisi 3rd sing. olisi sortanut ei olisi sortanut
1st plur. sortaisimme emme sortaisi 1st plur. olisimme sortaneet emme olisi sortaneet
2nd plur. sortaisitte ette sortaisi 2nd plur. olisitte sortaneet ette olisi sortaneet
3rd plur. sortaisivat eivät sortaisi 3rd plur. olisivat sortaneet eivät olisi sortaneet
passive sorrettaisiin ei sorrettaisi passive olisi sorrettu ei olisi sorrettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. sorra älä sorra 2nd sing. ole sortanut älä ole sortanut
3rd sing. sortakoon älköön sortako 3rd sing. olkoon sortanut älköön olko sortanut
1st plur. sortakaamme älkäämme sortako 1st plur. olkaamme sortaneet älkäämme olko sortaneet
2nd plur. sortakaa älkää sortako 2nd plur. olkaa sortaneet älkää olko sortaneet
3rd plur. sortakoot älkööt sortako 3rd plur. olkoot sortaneet älkööt olko sortaneet
passive sorrettakoon älköön sorrettako passive olkoon sorrettu älköön olko sorrettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. sortanen en sortane 1st sing. lienen sortanut en liene sortanut
2nd sing. sortanet et sortane 2nd sing. lienet sortanut et liene sortanut
3rd sing. sortanee ei sortane 3rd sing. lienee sortanut ei liene sortanut
1st plur. sortanemme emme sortane 1st plur. lienemme sortaneet emme liene sortaneet
2nd plur. sortanette ette sortane 2nd plur. lienette sortaneet ette liene sortaneet
3rd plur. sortanevat eivät sortane 3rd plur. lienevät sortaneet eivät liene sortaneet
passive sorrettaneen ei sorrettane passive lienee sorrettu ei liene sorrettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st sortaa present sortava sorrettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st sortaakseni sortaaksemme
2nd sortaaksesi sortaaksenne
3rd sortaakseen
sortaaksensa
 past sortanut sorrettu
2nd inessive2 sortaessa sorrettaessa agent3 sortama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st sortaessani sortaessamme
2nd sortaessasi sortaessanne
3rd sortaessaan
sortaessansa
 negative sortamaton
instructive sortaen — 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
* The third-person singular indicative form sortaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd inessive sortamassa —
elative sortamasta —
illative sortamaan —
adessive sortamalla —
abessive sortamatta —
instructive sortaman sorrettaman
4th4 verbal noun sortaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st sortamaisillani sortamaisillamme
2nd sortamaisillasi sortamaisillanne
3rd sortamaisillaan
sortamaisillansa

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams
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