raisin

From Middle English raysyn, borrowed from Anglo-Norman reysin (“grape, raisin”), from Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus. Possibly a distant cognate of Persian رز‎ (raz, “vine”). Doublet of raceme.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪzən/
• (obsolete) IPA^(key): /ˈɹiːzən/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪzən

raisin (plural raisins)

1. A dried grape.
   • 2021 July 18, Christopher Flavelle, “Scorched, Parched and Now Uninsurable: Climate Change Hits Wine Country”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     Some of the fruit had turned black and shrunken — becoming, effectively, absurdly high-cost raisins.

In the USA, raisin refers to any kind of dried grape. In the UK, Australia and New Zealand, raisin is reserved for the dried large dark grape, with sultana meaning the dried large white grape, and currant meaning the dried small Black Corinth grape.

• → Japanese: レーズン (rēzun)

raisin (third-person singular simple present raisins, present participle raisining, simple past and past participle raisined)

1. (intransitive) Of grapes: to dry out; to become like raisins.
   • 2008, John Winthrop Haeger, Pacific Pinot Noir:

     Second-crop fruit tends to show smaller clusters than first-crop, to have a high skin-to-juice ratio, and to be a good blending tool, according to Iantosca, although care must be exercised to ensure that the second-crop berries have not raisined.

• Iranis, Sirian

Inherited from Old French raisin, from Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus. Doublet of racème, a borrowing.

• IPA^(key): /ʁɛ.zɛ̃/, /ʁe.zɛ̃/

• audio

  (file)

raisin m (plural raisins)

1. grape
2. a size of paper (having such a watermark)
3. a bright red lipstick

• “raisin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

• resin, resyn, reysyn, roisin
• raisine, raysine, reisine (feminine)

From Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus.

• (archaic) IPA^(key): /rai̯ˈzin(ə)/
• (classical) IPA^(key): /rei̯ˈzin(ə)/, (northern) /roi̯ˈzin(ə)/

raisin oblique singular, m (oblique plural raisins, nominative singular raisins, nominative plural raisin)

1. grape
2. cluster or bunch of grapes
3. raisin (dried fruit)

• French: raisin
• Norman: raisin, rouaisin
• Picard: rosin, reusin, rojin, roisin, rouaisin
• Walloon: reujin, rouaijin, roijin

Borrowings:

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (raisin, supplement)
• raisin on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “racēmus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 10: R, page 12