patior

• patiō

Apparently denominative from Proto-Indo-European *ph₁-tós, participle of *peh₁- (“to hurt”). Cognate with paene, paeniteō, pēnūria, Ancient Greek πῆμα (pêma), πηρός (pērós), Old English feond (“devil, enemy”) (English fiend), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (faian, “to blame”), Proto-Slavic *patiti (“to suffer, to fare misfortune”).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ti.or/, [ˈpät̪iɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpat.t͡si.or/, [ˈpät̪ː͡s̪ior]

patior (present infinitive patī, perfect active passus sum); third conjugation iō-variant, deponent

1. (transitive) to suffer, endure, tolerate

   Synonyms: tolerō, patiō, sufferō, subeō, perferō, perpetior, recipiō, accipiō, sinō, ferō, dūrō, sustineō, sustentō

   • 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.157-158:

     tum patitur cultus ager et renovātur arātrō

     That is when the field endures cultivation, and is renewed by the plough.
     [Note: This verse by the poet Ovid can endure a more figurative translation or permit a more literal reading of the word patitur.]

2. (transitive) to allow, acquiesce, permit, submit

   Synonyms: permittō, admittō

   Patere lēgem quam ipse fēcistī / tulistī.

   Submit to the law which you yourself made / proposed.

3. (intransitive) to exist, live

   Pati sine regno

   To live without a king.

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• passīvus
• patientia

• Old French: pader
• → Catalan: patir
• → French: pâtir
• → Occitan: patir
• →? Serbo-Croatian: patiti

Reflexes of an assumed variant *patīre:

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: pãtsiri
  • Romanian: păți
  • → Proto-Albanian: *patjɔnit
    • ⇒ Albanian: pësoj
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: patire (see there for further descendants)

    Amasseno: paté

  • Sicilian: patiri
    • → Maltese: bata
• North Italian:
  • Istriot: padì
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitan:

    Auvergnat: padir

    Vivaro-Alpine: [pådyi]

• Ibero-Romance:
  • ⇒ Portuguese: padecer
  • Old Spanish: padir ⇒ padescer
    • Spanish: padecer

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “pati”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 8: Patavia–Pix, page 15

• “patior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “patior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to suffer wrong: iniuriam ferre, pati
    
  • to grant a people its independence: populum liberum esse, libertate uti, sui iuris esse pati
    
  • (ambiguous) to extend in breadth, in length: in latitudinem, in longitudinem patere
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a wide extent: late patere (also metaphorically vid. sect. VIII. 8)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag