orior

From Proto-Italic *orjōr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμι (órnūmi), Sanskrit ऋणोति (ṛṇóti).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ri.or/, [ˈɔriɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ri.or/, [ˈɔːrior]

orior (present infinitive orīrī, perfect active ortus sum); third conjugation iō-variant, deponent

1. to rise, get up

   Synonyms: coorior, exorior, oborior, surgō, ēmergō, assurgō

   Antonyms: concēdō, decēdō, cēdō, intereō, discēdō, excēdō, pereō

   • 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.729-730:

     Iam tua, Lāomedōn, oritur nurus ortaque noctem pellit

     Now, Laomedon, your daughter-in-law is rising, and having risen, she dispels the night
     (That is to say, the goddess of dawn, the Greek Eos or Roman Aurora; her fabled consorts included Tithonus, son of Laomedon of Troy. See also “ortus”, the perfect active participle of the deponent verb “orior”.)

2. to appear, arise, become visible

   Synonyms: appāreō, pāreō

3. to be born, come to exist, originate

• Part of a small group of verbs, all with a short-vowel root, displaying both 3rd and 4th conjugation forms.
• Present active infinitive only orīrī, other 4th conjugation forms occur, particularly in manuscripts.
• Past participle exclusively ortus, future participle exclusively oritūrus, gerund almost exclusively oriundus.

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• ⇒ Romanian: urca

• “orior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “orior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• orior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the Rhine rises in the Alps: Rhenus oritur or profluit ex Alpibus
    
  • the sun rises, sets: sol oritur, occidit
    
  • to begin with a long syllable: oriri a longa (De Or. 1. 55. 236)
    
  • war breaks out: bellum oritur, exardescit
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326