orcaid
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- orgaid, orggaid
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *orgeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erg- (“perish”). Cognate with Hittite 𒄯𒀝𒍣 (ḫar-ak-zi /ḫarkzi/) and Old Armenian հարկնանեմ (harknanem, “strike”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈorɡɨðʲ]
Verb
orcaid (conjunct ·oirc or ·oirg, verbal noun orcun)
- kills, slays
- Synonym: marbaid
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 77a10
- in n-íírr?
- Will you slay?
- c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
- Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
- It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.
Inflection
This verb augments to form perfect forms with the usual prefix ro-. However, virtually all its compounds use com- instead for this purpose. Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Derived terms
- as·oirc
- con·oirg
- con·rerortatar
- con·túairc
- do·immoirc
- du·esairc
- du·fúairc
- fris·oirc
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) | unchanged | n-orcaid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 300
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “orcaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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