hammas
See also: hämmas and hammaš
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hambas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑmˑɑs/, [ˈ(h)ɑmˑɑs]
- Rhymes: -ɑmˑɑs
- Hyphenation: ham‧mas
Noun
hammas (genitive hamba, partitive hammast)
Declension
Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hambas, borrowed from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas (replacing native Uralic pii < *piŋe),[1] from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *zǫbъ, Lithuanian žam̃bas, Latvian zobs. Doublet of kampa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑmːɑs/, [ˈhɑ̝mːɑ̝s̠]
- Rhymes: -ɑmːɑs
- Syllabification(key): ham‧mas
Noun
hammas
- tooth (hard, calcareous structure present in the mouth of many vertebrate animals)
- hampaisiin saakka aseistettu ― armed to the teeth
- kiristellä hampaitaan ― to grit one's teeth
- hampaiden oikominen ― orthodontics
- tooth, cog (projection on the edge of a gear)
- hammasratas ― cogwheel
- sprocket (tooth of a sprocket wheel)
- tooth, sawtooth
- Synonym: sahanhammas
- tine, prong, tooth (spike or point on an implement or tool)
- (botany) tooth, serration (pointed projection from the margin of a leaf)
- (as modifier in compound terms) toothed (having teeth)
- hammasvalas ― toothed whale
- (as modifier in compound terms) toothly, dental (of or pertaining to teeth)
- hammasklinikka ― dental clinic
Declension
| Inflection of hammas (Kotus type 41*H/vieras, mp-mm gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | hammas | hampaat | ||
| genitive | hampaan | hampaiden hampaitten | ||
| partitive | hammasta | hampaita | ||
| illative | hampaaseen | hampaisiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | hammas | hampaat | ||
| accusative | nom. | hammas | hampaat | |
| gen. | hampaan | |||
| genitive | hampaan | hampaiden hampaitten hammastenrare | ||
| partitive | hammasta | hampaita | ||
| inessive | hampaassa | hampaissa | ||
| elative | hampaasta | hampaista | ||
| illative | hampaaseen | hampaisiin hampaihinrare | ||
| adessive | hampaalla | hampailla | ||
| ablative | hampaalta | hampailta | ||
| allative | hampaalle | hampaille | ||
| essive | hampaana | hampaina | ||
| translative | hampaaksi | hampaiksi | ||
| abessive | hampaatta | hampaitta | ||
| instructive | — | hampain | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of hammas (Kotus type 41*H/vieras, mp-mm gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
- adjectives: hampaallinen, hampaaton, -hampainen
- nouns: hammaste, hammastus, hampaattomuus, hampaisto
- verbs: hammastaa, hammastella
- adverbs: hampaattomasti
- idioms: purra hammasta
Compounds
- ajan hammas
- alahammas
- etuhammas
- hammasahven
- hammasaihe
- hammasajos
- hammasalveoli
- hammasemali
- hammaseroosio
- hammashaapa
- hammasharja
- hammashermo
- hammashihna
- hammashoitaja
- hammashoito
- hammashoitola
- hammashuoltaja
- hammashuolto
- hammashygienisti
- hammasjako
- hammasjauhe
- hammaskalusto
- hammaskaries
- hammaskarppi
- hammaskarppikala
- hammaskato
- hammaskeiju
- hammaskiille
- hammaskipu
- hammaskirurgi
- hammaskirurgia
- hammaskirurginen
- hammaskivi
- hammasklinikka
- hammaskorsiyökkönen
- hammaskoru
- hammaskulta
- hammaskuoppa
- hammaslaborantti
- hammaslaitainen
- hammaslanka
- hammaslankain
- hammasliitos
- hammasloma
- hammasluku
- hammasluu
- hammaslääketiede
- hammaslääkäri
- hammasmuki
- hammasmätä
- hammaspaise
- hammaspeikko
- hammaspeite
- hammaspesu
- hammaspihdit
- hammaspora
- hammasproteesi
- hammaspuhdiste
- hammaspuikko
- hammaspulveri
- hammaspyörä
- hammaspyörästö
- hammasrata
- hammasratas
- hammasrauta
- hammasrivi
- hammassairaus
- hammassementti
- hammassilta
- hammassuojus
- hammassäkki
- hammassärky
- hammastahna
- hammastanko
- hammastarha
- hammastarkastus
- hammastauti
- hammastekniikka
- hammasteknikko
- hammastenkiristys
- hammastikku
- hammasvaihde
- hammasvalas
- hammasvalli
- hammasväli
- hammasvälitys
- hammasydin
- hammasäänne
- hampaanhoito
- hampaanjuuri
- hampaanjälki
- hampaankaula
- hampaankolo
- hampaankolotus
- hampaanoionta
- hampaanpaikkaus
- hampaanpoisto
- hampaantäyte
- hampaiden narskuttelu
- hampaidenhoito
- harvahammas
- harvahampainen
- hienohampainen
- irvihammas
- isohampainen
- kahvihammas
- kaksihammassulkukotilo
- kaksihammasvalas
- keltahampainen
- koiranhammas
- kolmihampainen
- kulmahammas
- kultahammas
- lyhythammaspalmunäätä
- lännenpienihammasrotta
- maitohammas
- munahammas
- myrkkyhammas
- nastahammas
- näyttää hampaansa
- poskihammas
- purra hammasta
- putkihampainen
- raateluhammas
- rautahammas
- sahanhammas
- sapelihammas
- sapelihammastiikeri
- suorahampainen
- syöksyhammas
- syömähammas
- takahammas
- talttahammas
- tekohammas
- terävähampainen
- tiheähampainen
- torahammas
- torohammas
- vaskihammas
- viisaudenhammas
- viistohammasnokkavalas
- vinohampainen
- välihammas
References
- Junttila, Santeri; Kallio, Petri; Holopainen, Sampsa; Kuokkala, Juha; Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “hammas”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
Further reading
- “hammas”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hambas. Cognates include Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) and Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhɑmːɑs/, [ˈhɑmːəz̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhɑmːɑs/, [ˈhɑmːɑʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -ɑmːɑs
- Hyphenation: ham‧mas
Noun
hammas
Declension
Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
| Soikkola declension of hammas (type 2/patsas, mp-mm gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) | hampahat, hampaat |
| genitive | hampahan | hampahiin |
| partitive | hammasta | hampahia |
| illative | hampahasse | hampahisse |
| inessive | hampahaas | hampahiis |
| elative | hampahast | hampahist |
| allative | hampahalle | hampahille |
| adessive | hampahaal | hampahiil |
| ablative | hampahalt | hampahilt |
| translative | hampahaks | hampahiks |
| essive | hampahaan | hampahiin |
| exessive1) | hampahant | hampahint |
| 1) Obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 43
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hambas. Cognates include Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) and Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑmːɑs/
Declension
Declension of hammas, mm-mp gradation
|
References
- P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, pages 48-49
Võro
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hambas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas.
Declension
Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
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