maith

Irish

Etymology

From Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (compare Scottish Gaelic math and Manx mie), from Proto-Celtic *matis (compare Welsh and Breton mad, Cornish mas).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /mˠa/, /mˠah/
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /mˠaɪ/, /mˠaɪh/

Adjective

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

  1. good

Usage notes
  • Takes the adverbial construction go maith when used predicatively after a form of bí:
  • Tá an anraith seo go maith. ― This soup is good.

Declension
Declension of maith
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) mhaith maithe;
mhaithe²
Vocative mhaith maithe
Genitive maithe maithe Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Dative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value);
mhaith¹		 mhaith maithe;
mhaithe²
Comparative níos fearr
Superlative is fearr

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

Noun

maith f (genitive singular maithe, nominative plural maithe)

  1. good, goodness

Declension
Declension of maith

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) maithe
Vocative a mhaith a mhaithe
Genitive maithe maithe
Dative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) maithe

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an mhaith na maithe
Genitive na maithe na maithe
Dative leis an Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

don mhaith

 leis na maithe

Verb

maith (present analytic maitheann, future analytic maithfidh, verbal noun maitheamh, past participle maite)

  1. forgive, pardon

Inflection
conjugation of maith (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present maithim maitheann tú;
maithir†		 maitheann sé, sí maithimid maitheann sibh maitheann siad;
maithid†		 a mhaitheann; a mhaitheas /
a maitheann*; a maitheas*		 maitear
past mhaith mé; mhaitheas mhaith tú; mhaithis mhaith sé, sí mhaitheamar; mhaith muid mhaith sibh; mhaitheabhair mhaith siad; mhaitheadar a mhaith /
ar mhaith*		 maitheadh
past habitual mhaithinn / maithinn‡‡ mhaiteá / maiteᇇ mhaitheadh sé, sí / maitheadh sé, s퇇 mhaithimis; mhaitheadh muid / maithimis‡‡; maitheadh muid‡‡ mhaitheadh sibh / maitheadh sibh‡‡ mhaithidís; mhaitheadh siad / maithidís‡‡; maitheadh siad‡‡ a mhaitheadh /
a maitheadh*		 mhaití / mait퇇
future maithfidh mé;
maithfead		 maithfidh tú;
maithfir†		 maithfidh sé, sí maithfimid;
maithfidh muid		 maithfidh sibh maithfidh siad;
maithfid†		 a mhaithfidh; a mhaithfeas /
a maithfidh*; a maithfeas*		 maithfear
conditional mhaithfinn / maithfinn‡‡ mhaithfeá / maithfeᇇ mhaithfeadh sé, sí / maithfeadh sé, s퇇 mhaithfimis; mhaithfeadh muid / maithfimis‡‡; maithfeadh muid‡‡ mhaithfeadh sibh / maithfeadh sibh‡‡ mhaithfidís; mhaithfeadh siad / maithfidís‡‡; maithfeadh siad‡‡ a mhaithfeadh /
a maithfeadh*		 mhaithfí / maithf퇇
subjunctive present go maithe mé;
go maithead†		 go maithe tú;
go maithir†		 go maithe sé, sí go maithimid;
go maithe muid		 go maithe sibh go maithe siad;
go maithid†		 — go maitear
past dá maithinn dá maiteá dá maitheadh sé, sí dá maithimis;
dá maitheadh muid		 dá maitheadh sibh dá maithidís;
dá maitheadh siad		 — dá maití
imperative maithim Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) maitheadh sé, sí maithimis maithigí;
maithidh†		 maithidís — maitear
verbal noun maitheamh
past participle maite

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Further reading

Old Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [maθʲ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *matis, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂tis (“ripe, good”), from *meh₂- (“to ripen, to mature”). Cognate with Welsh mad and Gaulish mat.

Alternative forms

Adjective

maith (comparative ferr, superlative dech)

  1. good
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15c23
      Hóre is cuci rigmi, is ferr dún placere illi.
      Since it is to him we will go, it is better for us to please him.
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b9
      Ní indráigne dúib cinin·fil lib, ar idib maithi cene.
      It is no detriment to you pl, though we are not with you, for you are good already.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 51b10
      In tan as·mber Dauid “intellectum tibi dabo”, sech is arde són do·mbéra Día do neuch nod·n-eirbea ind ⁊ génas triit con·festar cid as imgabthi do dénum di ulc ⁊ cid as déinti dó di maith. Aithesc trá lesom insin a persin Dǽ.
      When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.
Declension
i-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Vocative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Accusative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Genitive Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) maithe Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Dative Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative maithi maithi
Vocative maithi
Accusative maithi
Genitive Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)*
maithe
Dative maithib
Notes *not when substantivized
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
  • Manx: mie
  • Scottish Gaelic: math

Further reading

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

·maith

  1. third-person singular present indicative conjunct of maidid

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
also mmaith after a proclitic		 Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/		 unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

Verb

maith (past mhaith, future maithidh, verbal noun mathadh, past participle maithte)

  1. Alternative form of math

Noun

maith m

  1. genitive singular of math

Welsh

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /mai̯θ/
  • Rhymes: -ai̯θ

Adjective

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

  1. long, far, large, extensive, numerous
  2. long-lasting, tedious, tiresome
    Synonyms: hir, hirfaith
  3. great (of quality)
  4. sad, bitter
  5. wise, clever, cunning, sly

Derived terms

Mutation

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

References
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “maith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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