ad-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ad"

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.

Prefix

ad-

  1. (no longer productive) near, at.
    adrenal
  2. (no longer productive) toward, to, tendency, or addition.
    adjoin

Derived terms
English terms prefixed with ad-

Translations

References

Anagrams

Catalan

Prefix

ad-

  1. ad-

Ido

Etymology

Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.

Prefix

ad-

  1. to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival)
    portar (“carry, bear”) → adportar (“bring, carry (to a person or place)”)
    ube (“where”) → adube (“where to (with motion), whither”)

Derived terms
Ido terms prefixed with ad-

Latin

Alternative forms

For euphony, ad- can assimilate the attached stem's initial consonant, becoming: a- (before sc, sp and st), ac- (before c and q), af- (before f), ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, as-, or at-.

Etymology

From the Latin preposition ad (“to, towards”), in turn from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”).

Prefix

ad-

  1. to
  2. usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action

See also
Latin terms prefixed with ad-

Lushootseed

Prefix

ad-

  1. your (singular)

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

Prefix

ad-

  1. to, towards
  2. in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
  3. augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant
    ‎con·birt (“you conceived”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)
    ‎con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)
    ‎·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ‎ad- → ‎·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)
    ‎con·gab (“it contained”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)
    ‎*·cotla + ‎ad- → ‎·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

Usage notes
  • ad-, when used as an augment affix, vanishes in prototonic forms due to syncope. However, its presence may be detected via the different syncope patterns between forms augmented with ad- and those that were not.
  • In deuterotonic verbs where ad- is the first prefix and the next sound is /t/, the d in the prefix may be dropped in its spelling.

Derived terms
Old Irish terms prefixed with ad-

Descendants
  • Irish: a- (no longer productive)

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
ad- unchanged n-ad-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Portuguese

Alternative forms

Prefix

ad-

  1. ad- (near; at)

Welsh

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ad/

Prefix

ad-

  1. again, back, re-
    Synonym: ail-
    ‎ad- + ‎llais (“voice”) → ‎adlais (“echo”)
    ‎ad- + ‎talu (“to pay”) → ‎ad-dalu (“to refund”)
    ‎ad- + ‎blas (“taste”) → ‎adflas (“aftertaste”)
  2. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
    ‎ad- + ‎cas (“hated, nasty”) → ‎atgas (“hateful, detestable”)

Derived terms
Welsh terms prefixed with ad-

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ad- unchanged unchanged had-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (1)
  2. Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 222 i (3)

Ye'kwana

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [aɾ̠-]

Prefix

ad-

  1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) Allomorph of ö- (second-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a vowel a or e.

Inflection
Ye'kwana personal markers
pronoun noun possessor/
series II verb argument		 postposition object series I verb argument
transitive patient intransitive patient-like intransitive agent-like transitive agent
first person ewü y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1 w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive küwü k-, kü-, ku-, ki- k-, kii-, ki-1
second person amödö ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad- m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive nña y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1 chö- ∅- n-, ni-
third person tüwü n-, ni-
distant past third person — kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive — t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te- —
reciprocal — — öö-
  1. With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
series I verb argument:
transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person
second person > first person k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person see person X in the chart above
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