< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kīr-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*kīr-

  1. (intransitive) to enter
    Antonym: *čïk-

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: кӗр (kĕr)
  • Common Turkic: *kīr
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: girmək
      • Ottoman Turkish: گیرمك‎ (girmek)
        • Gagauz: girmää
        • Turkish: girmek
      • ⇒ Ottoman Turkish: گیورمك‎ (“givirmek, güvürmek”)
    • Turkmen: gīrmek
    • Salar: gir
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: کِرْماكْ‎ (kirmek)
      • Chagatai: كرماك‎ (kirmek)
  • Kipchak:
    • ⇒ Kipchak: kriv (“entrance”) (Codex Cumanicus)
    • ⇒ Khorezmian Turkic: کیکورماک‎ (kigürmäk)
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: kirmek
      • Kumyk: гирмек (girmek)
      • Karachay-Balkar: кирирге (kirirge)
    • East Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Karakalpak: кириў
      • Kazakh: кіру (kıru)
      • Nogai: кируьв (kirüv)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰃𐰼‎ (kir²)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kir-)

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 735-736
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, page 47-49
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 271
  • Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*gīr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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