< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrba
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirb-. Cognate with Lithuanian vir̃bas, Latvian vir̂bs, virba, Ancient Greek ῥᾰ́βδος (rhábdos), Latin verbēna, verber, Proto-Germanic *warpą.
Declension
Declension of *vьrba (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *vьrba | *vьrbě | *vьrby |
| genitive | *vьrby | *vьrbu | *vьrbъ |
| dative | *vьrbě | *vьrbama | *vьrbamъ |
| accusative | *vьrbǫ | *vьrbě | *vьrby |
| instrumental | *vьrbojǫ, *vьrbǫ** | *vьrbama | *vьrbami |
| locative | *vьrbě | *vьrbu | *vьrbasъ, *vьrbaxъ* |
| vocative | *vьrbo | *vьrbě | *vьrby |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ве́рба”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “верба́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 350
- Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “вярба́”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
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