< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koty

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *kotъ (“cat”) +‎ *-y.

Compare Serbo-Croatian mȁčka (“cat; anchor”)[1], Hungarian vasmacska (literally “iron cat”), Old Church Slavonic котъка (kotŭka, “anchor”), Russian кошка (koška, “anchor with 3-5 flukes”)[2], Romanian cătușă (“anchor”), German Kattanker / Katzanker (“small anchor”), Middle Low German katt (“small anchor”) and Ancient Greek κότυς (kótus), Κότυς (Kótus).[3]

Noun

*kotỳ f

  1. anchor

Inflection
Declension of *kotỳ (v-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *kotỳ *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi
genitive *kotъ̀ve *kotъ̀vu *kotъ̀vъ
dative *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vьma, *kotъ̀vama* *kotъ̀vьmъ, *kotъ̀vamъ*
accusative *kotъ̀vь *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi
instrumental *kotъ̀vьjǫ, *kotъ̀vľǭ** *kotъ̀vьma, *kotъ̀vama* *kotъ̀vьmī, *kotъ̀vamī*
locative *kotъ̀ve *kotъ̀vu *kotъ̀vьxъ, *kotъ̀vaxъ*
vocative *kotỳ *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi
* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: котва (kotva) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: кі́тва (kítva)
      • ⇒ Ukrainian: кі́тви́ця (kítvýcja)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: kotva; kotev (dialectal)
    • Polabian: ťötåi (“cat”)
    • Old Polish: kotew, kotwa
    • Slovak: kotva
    • Slovincian: kᵘ̯otäv, kœtev
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: kótwa
        • ⇒ Lower Sorbian: kótwica
      • Upper Sorbian: kótwa
        • ⇒ Upper Sorbian: kótwica

References
  1. Pero Budmani, Tomislav Maretić, editor (1904-1910), “mȁčka”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 6, Zagreb: JAZU, page 352
  2. Dal, Vladimir (1905), “кошка”, in Толковый Словарь живого великорусскаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd edition, товарищество М. О. Вольфъ, page 466
  3. Шапошников, А. К. (2018), “Рец.: Журавлев А. Ф. Эволюции смыслов. М.: Издательский Дом ЯСК, 2016. 472 с. ISBN 978-5-9907947-5-7 [Zhuravlev A. F. Evolyutsii smyslov [Evolutions of Meanings]. Moscow: YaSK Publ., 2016. 472 p. ISBN 978-5-9907947-5-7]”, in Труды Института русского языка им. В. В. Виноградова: Этимология [Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute: Etymology], volume 18, Moscow, [http://www.worldcat.org/issn/2311-150X →ISSN, page 256
  4. Franz Miklosich (1862–1865), “котва”, in Lexicon Palaeoslovenico-Graeco-Latinum emendatum auctum, Vienna: Guilelmus Braumueller, page 305

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*koty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ко́тва”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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