< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gynǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.

Verb

*gỳnǫti[1][2]

  1. to perish

Inflection
Conjugation of *gynǫti, *gybe, *gynetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*gybenьje *gynǫti *gynǫtъ *gyblъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *gybenъ *gynomъ
Active *gybъ *gyny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *gyb(ox)ъ*gybe*gybe *gynǫ*gyneši*gynetь
Dual *gyb(ox)ově*gyb(e/os)ta*gyb(e/os)te *gynevě*gyneta*gynete
Plural *gyb(ox)omъ*gyb(e/os)te*gybǫ, *gybošę *gynemъ*gynete*gynǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *gyněaxъ*gyněaše*gyněaše —*gyni*gyni
Dual *gyněaxově*gyněašeta*gyněašete *gyněvě*gyněta—
Plural *gyněaxomъ*gyněašete*gyněaxǫ *gyněmъ*gyněte—

Alternative forms

Derived terms
  • *ugynǫti
  • *pogynǫti
  • *zagynǫti
  • *jьzgynǫti
  • *gybělь
  • *gubìti (“to destroy”)
  • *gybati (“to perish? to bend? to break?”)
  • *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
  • *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: hynúti
    • Old Polish: ginąć
    • Slovak: hynúť
    • Slovincian: ħḯbnȯų̯c, ħï̂nȯų̯c
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: hinyć
      • Lower Sorbian: ginuś

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “ги́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 186
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ги́бнуть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gybnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 218

References
    • Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gỳnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 200: “v. (a) ‘perish’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “gybnǫti: gybnǫ gybnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133; MP 22)”
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