< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gǫba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably substantivization of Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúmˀbas (“bulged, bloated”) + *-a. Cognate with Lithuanian gum̃bas (“bulge”) (with métatonie douce), gémbė (“nail”), Latvian gum̃ba (“tumor”). Further origin uncertain:

The sense ‘lip, mouth’ is probably figurative and should not be separated from the sense ‘mushroom’. Some daughter languages exhibit accentual difference between the two meanings, as in the case of Czech houba (“sponge”) : huba (“mouth”).

Noun

*gǫ̀ba f[1][2][3]

  1. fungus, mushroom
  2. sponge (marine animal)
  3. lip, mouth

Declension

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Derived terms
  • *gǫbъka, *gǫbica (diminutive)
  • *gǫbatъ (“pouted, with creased lips”)
  • *gǫbavъ (“infected by fungi, leprous”) *gǫběstъ (“mushy, spongy”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гѫ́ба (gǫ́ba)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: húba
      • Czech: houba (“sponge”), huba (“mouth”)
      • → Polish: huba (“polypore”)
    • Polish: gęba (“mouth, mug”)
      • → Ukrainian: ґе́мба (gémba)[4]
    • Silesian: gymba
    • Slovak: huba
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: huba

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “губа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gǫba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 78
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гъба¹, гъба²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 297
  • “gumbas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gǫ̀ba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 182: “f. ā (a) ‘(tree-)fungus’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “gǫba”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a labium, spongia, sinus maris (PR 132; RPT 110)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “gọ́ba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gǫ̋ba”
  4. Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “ґемба”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 492
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