< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krupilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kreupaną:

  • Adjective: + *-ilaz (tending to; -ing, descriptive suffix)
  • Noun: + *-ilaz (-er, agent noun–forming suffix).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkru.pi.lɑz/

Adjective

*krupilaz

  1. tending to, or prone to crawl; creeping; crippled

Inflection


Noun

*krupilaz m

  1. a cripple

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *krupilaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *krupilaz *krupilōz, *krupilōs
vocative *krupil *krupilōz, *krupilōs
accusative *krupilą *krupilanz
genitive *krupilas, *krupilis *krupilǫ̂
dative *krupilai *krupilamaz
instrumental *krupilō *krupilamiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *krupil
    • Old English: crypel
    • Old Frisian: kreppel
      • North Frisian: krebel, krabel
      • Saterland Frisian: Kreepel
      • West Frisian: krepel
    • Old Saxon: *krupil, krupel
    • Old Dutch: crupil
      • Middle Dutch: cropel, cruepel
    • Old High German: krupil, kruppel
      • Middle High German: krupel, kruppel, krüpel, krüppel
  • Old Norse: kryppill
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