< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klainiz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to cleave, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to ball up”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈklɑi̯.niz/
Inflection
Declension of *klainiz (i-stem)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *klainiz | *klainijai | *klainī | *klainijôz | *klainį, *-jatō | *klainijō |
| accusative | *klainijanǭ | *klainijanz | *klainijǭ | *klainijōz | *klainį, *-jatō | *klainijō |
| genitive | *klainijas, *klainīs | *klainijaizǫ̂ | *klainijaizōz | *klainijaizǫ̂ | *klainijas, *klainīs | *klainijaizǫ̂ |
| dative | *klainijammai | *klainijaimaz | *klainijaizōi | *klainijaimaz | *klainijammai | *klainijaimaz |
| instrumental | *klainijanō | *klainijaimiz | *klainijaizō | *klainijaimiz | *klainijanō | *klainijaimiz |
| weak declension | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *klainijô | *klainijaniz | *klainijǭ | *klainijōniz | *klainijô | *klainijōnō |
| accusative | *klainijanų | *klainijanunz | *klainijōnų | *klainijōnunz | *klainijô | *klainijōnō |
| genitive | *klainīniz | *klainijanǫ̂ | *klainijōniz | *klainijōnǫ̂ | *klainīniz | *klainijanǫ̂ |
| dative | *klainīni | *klainijammaz | *klainijōni | *klainijōmaz | *klainīni | *klainijammaz |
| instrumental | *klainīnē | *klainijammiz | *klainijōnē | *klainijōmiz | *klainīnē | *klainijammiz |
Alternative reconstructions
- *klainijaz[2]
Derived terms
- *klainisōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *klainī
- Old English: clǣne, clēne, clāne
- Old Frisian: klēne
- Old Saxon: klēni
- Old Dutch: cleini
- Old High German: kleini, chlainī, chlæinī, chleinī, cleine, clēnī, khleinī
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*klainiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 214–215
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*klainja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 290
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