Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainagaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*ainīgaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *oynokós, equivalent to *ainaz +‎ *-gaz. Cognate with Latin ūnicus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑɪ̯.nɑ.ɣɑz/

Adjective

*ainagaz

only; sole; singular; unique

Inflection

Declension of *ainagaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*ainagaz	*ainagai	*ainagō	*ainagôz	*ainagą, -atō	*ainagō
Accusative	*ainaganǭ	*ainaganz	*ainagǭ	*ainagōz	*ainagą, -atō	*ainagō
Genitive	*ainagas, -is	*ainagaizǫ̂	*ainagaizōz	*ainagaizǫ̂	*ainagas, -is	*ainagaizǫ̂
Dative	*ainagammai	*ainagaimaz	*ainagaizōi	*ainagaimaz	*ainagammai	*ainagaimaz
Instrumental	*ainaganō	*ainagaimiz	*ainagaizō	*ainagaimiz	*ainaganō	*ainagaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*ainagô	*ainaganiz	*ainagǭ	*ainagōniz	*ainagô	*ainagōnō
Accusative	*ainaganų	*ainaganunz	*ainagōnų	*ainagōnunz	*ainagô	*ainagōnō
Genitive	*ainaginiz	*ainaganǫ̂	*ainagōniz	*ainagōnǫ̂	*ainaginiz	*ainaganǫ̂
Dative	*ainagini	*ainagammaz	*ainagōni	*ainagōmaz	*ainagini	*ainagammaz
Instrumental	*ainaginē	*ainagammiz	*ainagōnē	*ainagōmiz	*ainaginē	*ainagammiz

Derived terms

*ainaga

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ainag, *ainīg
- Old English: *āneġ, ǣneġ, āniġ, ǣniġ, āni (adj); ānga, ǣnga, ēnga, ǣnġe (adverb)
  - Middle English: aniȝ, eani, ony, eny, any
    - English: any
    - Scots: eny, ony, onie
- Old Frisian: ēnig, ēnich, *ānig, ēng, āng
  - Saterland Frisian: enig
  - West Frisian: ienich
- Old Saxon: ēnag, ēnig
  - Middle Low German: ênich
    - German Low German: enig
    - → Danish: enig
    - → Norwegian Bokmål: enig
- Old Dutch: *einag, einigh
  - Middle Dutch: enech
    - Dutch: enig
- Old High German: einag, einac; (einīg)
  - Middle High German: eineg, einec, einic
    - German: einig
Old Norse: einigr (adj); einga (adverb) (in compounds)
- Icelandic: einigur
- Faroese: einigur
- Old Swedish: enigh
  - Swedish: enig
Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃 (ainahs)
→ Proto-Finnic: *ainaga (see there for further descendants)

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