< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/atra

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *arþrą (compare Old Norse arðr), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom.

Noun

*atra

  1. plough, plow

Inflection
Inflection of *atra
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *atra *atrat
accusative *atran *atrat
genitive *atran *atradën
*atroidën
partitive *atrada *atroida
inessive *atrassa
*atrahna		 *atroissa
*atroihna
elative *atrasta *atroista
illative *atrahën *atroihën
adessive *atralla *atroilla
ablative *atralta *atroilta
allative *atralën
*atralëk		 *atroilën
*atroilëk
essive *atrana *atroina
translative *atraksi *atroiksi
instructive *atran *atroin
comitative *atranëk *atroinëk
abessive *atratta *atroitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: ader, (dialectal) ahr
  • Finnish: aura, (dialectal variants) arra, atra, aatra, oatra, uatra
  • Ingrian: adra
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: atra
    • South Karelian: adra
  • Livonian: a'ddõrz, a'drõz
  • Livvi: adru
  • Ludian: [Term?] (adre̮)
  • Veps: adr
  • Võro: adõr/adyr'/atr
  • Votic: adrõ

References
  • ader in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
  • Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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