완곡하다
Korean
Etymology
완곡(婉曲) (wan'gok) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈwa̠(ː)nɡo̞kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [완(ː)고카다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | wan'gokhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | wangoghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | wan'gokhada |
| Yale Romanization? | wānkok.hata |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 완곡하다 (wan'gokhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 완곡하다 wan'gokhada |
완곡해 wan'gokhae |
완곡해요 wan'gokhaeyo |
완곡합니다 wan'gokhamnida |
| Past | 완곡했다 wan'gokhaetda |
완곡했어 wan'gokhaesseo |
완곡했어요 wan'gokhaesseoyo |
완곡했습니다 wan'gokhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 완곡하냐 wan'gokhanya |
완곡해 wan'gokhae |
완곡해요 wan'gokhaeyo |
완곡합니까 wan'gokhamnikka |
| Past | 완곡했냐 wan'gokhaennya |
완곡했어 wan'gokhaesseo |
완곡했어요 wan'gokhaesseoyo |
완곡했습니까 wan'gokhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 완곡하겠다 wan'gokhagetda | 완곡하겠어 wan'gokhagesseo | 완곡하겠어요 wan'gokhagesseoyo | 완곡하겠습니다 wan'gokhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 완곡해 wan'gokhae | 완곡해서, 완곡하여서 wan'gokhaeseo, wan'gokhayeoseo | 완곡하니 wan'gokhani | 완곡하니까 wan'gokhanikka | |
| Contrast | 완곡하지만 wan'gokhajiman | 완곡한데 wan'gokhande | 완곡하더니 wan'gokhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 완곡하고 wan'gokhago | ||||
| Condition | 완곡하면 wan'gokhamyeon | 완곡해야, 완곡하여야 wan'gokhaeya, wan'gokhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 완곡함 wan'gokham | 완곡하기 wan'gokhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 완곡했음, 완곡하였음 wan'gokhaesseum, wan'gokhayeosseum | 완곡했기, 완곡하였기 wan'gokhaetgi, wan'gokhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 완곡한 wan'gokhan | |||
| Future | 완곡할 wan'gokhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 완곡하시다 wan'gokhasida |
완곡하셔 wan'gokhasyeo |
완곡하세요, 완곡하셔요 wan'gokhaseyo, wan'gokhasyeoyo |
완곡하십니다 wan'gokhasimnida |
| Past | 완곡하셨다 wan'gokhasyeotda |
완곡하셨어 wan'gokhasyeosseo |
완곡하셨어요 wan'gokhasyeosseoyo |
완곡하셨습니다 wan'gokhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 완곡하시냐 wan'gokhasinya |
완곡하셔 wan'gokhasyeo |
완곡하세요, 완곡하셔요 wan'gokhaseyo, wan'gokhasyeoyo |
완곡하십니까 wan'gokhasimnikka |
| Past | 완곡하셨냐 wan'gokhasyeonnya |
완곡하셨어 wan'gokhasyeosseo |
완곡하셨어요 wan'gokhasyeosseoyo |
완곡하셨습니까 wan'gokhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 완곡하시겠다 wan'gokhasigetda | 완곡하시겠어 wan'gokhasigesseo | 완곡하시겠어요 wan'gokhasigesseoyo | 완곡하시겠습니다 wan'gokhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 완곡하셔 wan'gokhasyeo | 완곡하셔서 wan'gokhasyeoseo | 완곡하시니 wan'gokhasini | 완곡하시니까 wan'gokhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 완곡하시지만 wan'gokhasijiman | 완곡하신데 wan'gokhasinde | 완곡하시더니 wan'gokhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 완곡하시고 wan'gokhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 완곡하시면 wan'gokhasimyeon | 완곡하셔야 wan'gokhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 완곡하심 wan'gokhasim | 완곡하시기 wan'gokhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 완곡하셨음 wan'gokhasyeosseum | 완곡하셨기 wan'gokhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 완곡하신 wan'gokhasin | |||
| Future | 완곡하실 wan'gokhasil | ||||
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