쏘다
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Korean ᄡᅩ다〮 (pswòtá), however it was already appeared as Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (Yale: sswò-tá), 소다〮 (Yale: swò-tá) even in the Middle Korean era.
First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (Yale: sswò-tá). Also attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as the future determiner form ᄡᅩᆯ (Yale: pswòl).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈs͈o̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [쏘(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ssoda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ssoda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ssoda |
| Yale Romanization? | ssōta |
Verb
| Base | Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) |
|---|---|
| Passive | 쏘이다 (ssoida) |
쏘다 • (ssoda) (infinitive 쏴 or 쏘아, sequential 쏘니)
- (transitive) to shoot, to fire (a gun, cannon, arrow, etc.)
- 2005, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation, 5th Republic, episode 1, spoken by Kim Jae-gyu (Kim Hyung-il):
- (transitive, of an insect) to sting
- (transitive, informal) to treat, to pay (for someone's drink or meal)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 쏘다 (ssoda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 쏜다 ssonda |
쏴 sswa |
쏴요, 쏘아요 sswayo, ssoayo |
쏩니다 ssomnida |
| Past | 쐈다 sswatda |
쐈어 sswasseo |
쐈어요 sswasseoyo |
쐈습니다 sswatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 쏘느냐 ssoneunya |
쏴 sswa |
쏴요, 쏘아요 sswayo, ssoayo |
쏩니까 ssomnikka |
| Past | 쐈느냐 sswanneunya |
쐈어 sswasseo |
쐈어요 sswasseoyo |
쐈습니까 sswatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 쏘자 ssoja | 쏴 sswa | 쏴요, 쏘아요 sswayo, ssoayo | 쏘십시다 ssosipsida | |
| Imperative | 쏴라, 쏘아라 sswara, ssoara | 쏴 sswa | 쏴요, 쏘아요 sswayo, ssoayo | 쏩시오 ssopsio | |
| Assertive | 쏘겠다 ssogetda | 쏘겠어 ssogesseo | 쏘겠어요 ssogesseoyo | 쏘겠습니다 ssogetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 쏴 sswa | 쏴서, 쏘아서 sswaseo, ssoaseo | 쏘니 ssoni | 쏘니까 ssonikka | |
| Contrast | 쏘지만 ssojiman | 쏘는데 ssoneunde | 쏘더니 ssodeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 쏘고 ssogo | ||||
| Condition | 쏘면 ssomyeon | 쏴야, 쏘아야 sswaya, ssoaya | |||
| Motive | 쏘려고 ssoryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 쏨 ssom | 쏘기 ssogi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 쐈음, 쏘았음 sswasseum, ssoasseum | 쐈기, 쏘았기 sswatgi, ssoatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 쏜 sson | |||
| Present | 쏘는 ssoneun | ||||
| Future | 쏠 ssol | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 쏘신다 ssosinda |
쏘셔 ssosyeo |
쏘세요, 쏘셔요 ssoseyo, ssosyeoyo |
쏘십니다 ssosimnida |
| Past | 쏘셨다 ssosyeotda |
쏘셨어 ssosyeosseo |
쏘셨어요 ssosyeosseoyo |
쏘셨습니다 ssosyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 쏘시느냐 ssosineunya |
쏘셔 ssosyeo |
쏘세요, 쏘셔요 ssoseyo, ssosyeoyo |
쏘십니까 ssosimnikka |
| Past | 쏘셨느냐 ssosyeonneunya |
쏘셨어 ssosyeosseo |
쏘셨어요 ssosyeosseoyo |
쏘셨습니까 ssosyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 쏘시라 ssosira | 쏘셔 ssosyeo | 쏘세요 ssoseyo | 쏘십시오 ssosipsio | |
| Assertive | 쏘시겠다 ssosigetda | 쏘시겠어 ssosigesseo | 쏘시겠어요 ssosigesseoyo | 쏘시겠습니다 ssosigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 쏘셔 ssosyeo | 쏘셔서 ssosyeoseo | 쏘시니 ssosini | 쏘시니까 ssosinikka | |
| Contrast | 쏘시지만 ssosijiman | 쏘시는데 ssosineunde | 쏘시더니 ssosideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 쏘시고 ssosigo | ||||
| Condition | 쏘시면 ssosimyeon | 쏘셔야 ssosyeoya | |||
| Motive | 쏘시려고 ssosiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 쏘심 ssosim | 쏘시기 ssosigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 쏘셨음 ssosyeosseum | 쏘셨기 ssosyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 쏘신 ssosin | |||
| Present | 쏘시는 ssosineun | ||||
| Future | 쏘실 ssosil | ||||
Derived terms
- 내쏘다 (naessoda)
- 되쏘다 (doessoda)
- 쏘아보다 (ssoaboda, “to shoot daggers”)
- 쏘아붙이다 (ssoabuchida)
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