깨물다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean ᄞᅢ믈다 (Yale: pkaymulta). Equivalent to 깨— (kkae-, “to break, to crush”) + 물— (mul-, “to bite, to gnaw”) + —다 (-da).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [k͈ɛmuɭda̠] ~ [k͈e̞muɭda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [깨물다/께물다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | kkaemulda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | kkaemulda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kkaemulda |
| Yale Romanization? | kkaymulta |
Verb
깨물다 • (kkaemulda) (infinitive 깨물어, sequential 깨무니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 깨물다 (kkaemulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 깨문다 kkaemunda |
깨물어 kkaemureo |
깨물어요 kkaemureoyo |
깨뭅니다 kkaemumnida |
| Past | 깨물었다 kkaemureotda |
깨물었어 kkaemureosseo |
깨물었어요 kkaemureosseoyo |
깨물었습니다 kkaemureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 깨무느냐 kkaemuneunya |
깨물어 kkaemureo |
깨물어요 kkaemureoyo |
깨뭅니까 kkaemumnikka |
| Past | 깨물었느냐 kkaemureonneunya |
깨물었어 kkaemureosseo |
깨물었어요 kkaemureosseoyo |
깨물었습니까 kkaemureotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 깨물자 kkaemulja | 깨물어 kkaemureo | 깨물어요 kkaemureoyo | 깨무십시다 kkaemusipsida | |
| Imperative | 깨물어라 kkaemureora | 깨물어 kkaemureo | 깨물어요 kkaemureoyo | 깨뭅시오 kkaemupsio | |
| Assertive | 깨물겠다 kkaemulgetda | 깨물겠어 kkaemulgesseo | 깨물겠어요 kkaemulgesseoyo | 깨물겠습니다 kkaemulgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 깨물어 kkaemureo | 깨물어서 kkaemureoseo | 깨무니 kkaemuni | 깨무니까 kkaemunikka | |
| Contrast | 깨물지만 kkaemuljiman | 깨무는데 kkaemuneunde | 깨물더니 kkaemuldeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 깨물고 kkaemulgo | ||||
| Condition | 깨물면 kkaemulmyeon | 깨물어야 kkaemureoya | |||
| Motive | 깨물려고 kkaemullyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 깨묾 kkaemum | 깨물기 kkaemulgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 깨물었음 kkaemureosseum | 깨물었기 kkaemureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 깨문 kkaemun | |||
| Present | 깨무는 kkaemuneun | ||||
| Future | 깨물 kkaemul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 깨무신다 kkaemusinda |
깨무셔 kkaemusyeo |
깨무세요, 깨무셔요 kkaemuseyo, kkaemusyeoyo |
깨무십니다 kkaemusimnida |
| Past | 깨무셨다 kkaemusyeotda |
깨무셨어 kkaemusyeosseo |
깨무셨어요 kkaemusyeosseoyo |
깨무셨습니다 kkaemusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 깨무시느냐 kkaemusineunya |
깨무셔 kkaemusyeo |
깨무세요, 깨무셔요 kkaemuseyo, kkaemusyeoyo |
깨무십니까 kkaemusimnikka |
| Past | 깨무셨느냐 kkaemusyeonneunya |
깨무셨어 kkaemusyeosseo |
깨무셨어요 kkaemusyeosseoyo |
깨무셨습니까 kkaemusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 깨무시라 kkaemusira | 깨무셔 kkaemusyeo | 깨무세요 kkaemuseyo | 깨무십시오 kkaemusipsio | |
| Assertive | 깨무시겠다 kkaemusigetda | 깨무시겠어 kkaemusigesseo | 깨무시겠어요 kkaemusigesseoyo | 깨무시겠습니다 kkaemusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 깨무셔 kkaemusyeo | 깨무셔서 kkaemusyeoseo | 깨무시니 kkaemusini | 깨무시니까 kkaemusinikka | |
| Contrast | 깨무시지만 kkaemusijiman | 깨무시는데 kkaemusineunde | 깨무시더니 kkaemusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 깨무시고 kkaemusigo | ||||
| Condition | 깨무시면 kkaemusimyeon | 깨무셔야 kkaemusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 깨무시려고 kkaemusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 깨무심 kkaemusim | 깨무시기 kkaemusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 깨무셨음 kkaemusyeosseum | 깨무셨기 kkaemusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 깨무신 kkaemusin | |||
| Present | 깨무시는 kkaemusineun | ||||
| Future | 깨무실 kkaemusil | ||||
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