거부하다
Korean
Etymology
거부(拒否) (geobu) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkɘ(ː)buɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [거(ː)부하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | geobuhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geobuhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kŏbuhada |
| Yale Romanization? | kēpuhata |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 거부하다 (geobuhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거부한다 geobuhanda |
거부해 geobuhae |
거부해요 geobuhaeyo |
거부합니다 geobuhamnida |
| Past | 거부했다 geobuhaetda |
거부했어 geobuhaesseo |
거부했어요 geobuhaesseoyo |
거부했습니다 geobuhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거부하느냐 geobuhaneunya |
거부해 geobuhae |
거부해요 geobuhaeyo |
거부합니까 geobuhamnikka |
| Past | 거부했느냐 geobuhaenneunya |
거부했어 geobuhaesseo |
거부했어요 geobuhaesseoyo |
거부했습니까 geobuhaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 거부하자 geobuhaja | 거부해 geobuhae | 거부해요 geobuhaeyo | 거부하십시다 geobuhasipsida | |
| Imperative | 거부해라, 거부하여라 geobuhaera, geobuhayeora | 거부해 geobuhae | 거부해요 geobuhaeyo | 거부합시오 geobuhapsio | |
| Assertive | 거부하겠다 geobuhagetda | 거부하겠어 geobuhagesseo | 거부하겠어요 geobuhagesseoyo | 거부하겠습니다 geobuhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거부해 geobuhae | 거부해서, 거부하여서 geobuhaeseo, geobuhayeoseo | 거부하니 geobuhani | 거부하니까 geobuhanikka | |
| Contrast | 거부하지만 geobuhajiman | 거부하는데 geobuhaneunde | 거부하더니 geobuhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거부하고 geobuhago | ||||
| Condition | 거부하면 geobuhamyeon | 거부해야, 거부하여야 geobuhaeya, geobuhayeoya | |||
| Motive | 거부하려고 geobuharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거부함 geobuham | 거부하기 geobuhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거부했음, 거부하였음 geobuhaesseum, geobuhayeosseum | 거부했기, 거부하였기 geobuhaetgi, geobuhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거부한 geobuhan | |||
| Present | 거부하는 geobuhaneun | ||||
| Future | 거부할 geobuhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거부하신다 geobuhasinda |
거부하셔 geobuhasyeo |
거부하세요, 거부하셔요 geobuhaseyo, geobuhasyeoyo |
거부하십니다 geobuhasimnida |
| Past | 거부하셨다 geobuhasyeotda |
거부하셨어 geobuhasyeosseo |
거부하셨어요 geobuhasyeosseoyo |
거부하셨습니다 geobuhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거부하시느냐 geobuhasineunya |
거부하셔 geobuhasyeo |
거부하세요, 거부하셔요 geobuhaseyo, geobuhasyeoyo |
거부하십니까 geobuhasimnikka |
| Past | 거부하셨느냐 geobuhasyeonneunya |
거부하셨어 geobuhasyeosseo |
거부하셨어요 geobuhasyeosseoyo |
거부하셨습니까 geobuhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 거부하시라 geobuhasira | 거부하셔 geobuhasyeo | 거부하세요 geobuhaseyo | 거부하십시오 geobuhasipsio | |
| Assertive | 거부하시겠다 geobuhasigetda | 거부하시겠어 geobuhasigesseo | 거부하시겠어요 geobuhasigesseoyo | 거부하시겠습니다 geobuhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거부하셔 geobuhasyeo | 거부하셔서 geobuhasyeoseo | 거부하시니 geobuhasini | 거부하시니까 geobuhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 거부하시지만 geobuhasijiman | 거부하시는데 geobuhasineunde | 거부하시더니 geobuhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거부하시고 geobuhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 거부하시면 geobuhasimyeon | 거부하셔야 geobuhasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 거부하시려고 geobuhasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거부하심 geobuhasim | 거부하시기 geobuhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거부하셨음 geobuhasyeosseum | 거부하셨기 geobuhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거부하신 geobuhasin | |||
| Present | 거부하시는 geobuhasineun | ||||
| Future | 거부하실 geobuhasil | ||||
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