靴

靴	U+9774, 靴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9774

← 靳
[U+9773]

CJK Unified Ideographs

靵 →
[U+9775]

Translingual

Han character

靴 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿十人心 (TJOP), four-corner 4451₀, composition ⿰革化)

Derived characters

㗾, 𢶤, 𬩑, 𫫸, 𬆌

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1385, character 19

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42729

Dae Jaweon: page 1900, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4327, character 21

Unihan data for U+9774

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
訛	*ŋʷaːl
吪	*ŋʷaːl
鈋	*ŋʷaːl
囮	lu, ŋʷaːl
魤	*ŋʷaːl
靴	*hʷa
貨	*hŋʷaːls
花	*hʷraː
化	*hŋʷraːls
杹	*hŋʷraːls
匕	*pilʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hʷa) : semantic 革 (“leather”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xuē (xue¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xue¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoe¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hie¹
Gan (Wiktionary): xye¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hiô

(Meixian, Guangdong): hio¹
Jin (Wiktionary): xye¹
Min Bei (KCR): hió̤
Min Dong (BUC): kuŏ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hia / hio

(Teochew, Peng'im): hia¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ¹shio; ¹shioe
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xya¹ / xye¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuē
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syue
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh¹
  - Yale: sywē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiue
  - Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xue¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xye
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hoe¹
  - Yale: hēu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hoe¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hê¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hie¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiɛ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xye¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiô
  - Hakka Romanization System: hio´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hio¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯o²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hio¹
  - Sinological IPA: /çio⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xye¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕye¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hió̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xiɔ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kuŏ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuo⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia
  - Tâi-lô: hia
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaf
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hia³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hia⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio
  - Tâi-lô: hio
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hioy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hio³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hio⁴⁴/

Note:

hia - vernacular;
hio - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hia¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hia
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hia³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ¹shio; ¹shioe
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ¹xio; ¹xyoe
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕio⁵³/, /ɕyø⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: xya¹ / xye¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕʏ̯a̠³³/, /ɕʏ̯e̞³³/

Note:

xya1 - vernacular;
xye1 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 靴
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕyɛ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕyɛ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕye²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕyə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕyə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕyɛ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕyɛ²¹/
	Xining	/ɕyu⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕye⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕyə³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕyɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕye⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕye⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕie⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ɕye³¹/
	Hefei	/sz̩ʷ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕye¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕye̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕye³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕyø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɕio⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sz̩ʷ³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕy³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕya³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕyɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕye³³/ /ɕya³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕyɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕye⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/hio⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hio²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hœ⁵³/
	Nanning	/hœ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/hœ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hia⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰuo⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xiɔ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hia³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xue²³/

Middle Chinese: xjwa

Rime
Character	靴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	戈 (97)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許𦚢切
Baxter	xjwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷiɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hua/
Li Rong	/xiuɑ/
Wang Li	/xĭuɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯wɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoe¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*hʷa/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	靴
Reading #	1/1
No.	5324
Phonetic component	化
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	鞾
Old Chinese	/*hʷa/
Notes	同鞾

Definitions

靴

boot (footwear)

Synonyms

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Trivia

This is one of the few characters with a -üe final in Mandarin that did not have an entering tone in Middle Chinese.

Compounds

亂穿靴／乱穿靴
倒脫靴／倒脱靴
內城京靴／内城京靴
六合靴
割靴子
割靴腰子
吉莫靴
同靴
宮靴／宫靴
弓靴
戰靴／战靴 (zhànxuē)
探空靴
捧靴
掛靴／挂靴 (guàxuē)
暖靴
暐靴／𬀩靴
朝靴
檀木靴
油靴
烏靴／乌靴
皂靴 (zàoxuē)
皮靴 (píxuē)
皮靴頁兒／皮靴页儿
破靴陣／破靴阵
破靴黨／破靴党
穿靴戴帽
線靴／线靴
脫靴／脱靴
舞靴
蠻靴／蛮靴
袍靴
褲靴／裤靴
豪豬靴／豪猪靴
釘靴／钉靴
錦靴／锦靴
隔靴抓痒
隔靴抓癢／隔靴抓痒
隔靴搔癢／隔靴搔痒 (géxuēsāoyǎng)
隔靴爬痒
雨靴 (yǔxuē)
革靴
靴兄弟
靴刀
靴刀誓死
靴匠
靴城
靴子 (xuēzi)
靴屋
靴履
靴工
靴帕
靴後跟／靴后跟
靴扇
靴掖
靴文
靴服
靴板
靴桶
靴皮
靴笏
靴筒
靴筩／靴筒
靴簡／靴简
靴紋／靴纹
靴紋縐面／靴纹绉面
靴統／靴统
靴腳／靴脚
靴腰子
靴行
靴衫
靴袍
靴褲／靴裤
靴雍
靴靿
靴頁／靴页
靴鼻
鞭靴
飛鳳靴／飞凤靴
馬靴／马靴 (mǎxuē)
鵠觜靴／鹄觜靴
鸞靴／鸾靴
麂靴

Japanese

Kanji

靴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
靴
くつ Grade: S
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 靴 – see the following entry.

【くつ】	[noun] Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) footwear, footgear: a shoe, (a pair of) shoes

(This term, 靴, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

靴 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)

(가죽 신 화, gajuk-sin-): footwear made of leather

Compounds

木靴 (목화, mokhwa) The courtesy footwear in the Eastern tradition, as worn by courtiers, somewhat similar to the moccasin made of deerskin.
洋靴 (양화, yanghwa) Western shoes, boots
運動靴 (운동화, undonghwa) sneakers, trainers, athletic shoes
長靴 (장화, janghwa) boots

Okinawan

Etymology

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ふや.[1]

Noun

靴(ふや) (fuya)

shoe

References

1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/33

Vietnamese

Han character

靴: Hán Nôm readings: ngoa

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[OG-1] 1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/33