送り仮名

Japanese
Kanji in this term
送 仮 名
おく
Grade: 3		 か > が
Grade: 5		 な
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
送り假名 (kyūjitai)
送りがな
送仮名

Etymology

Compound of 送り (okuri, “sending”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 送る (okuru, “to send”), from the sense of sending something afterward or adding something on the end) +‎ 仮名 (kana, “kana”, the Japanese syllabary characters).[1][2][3] The kana changes to gana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

First cited to a text from 1477.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) おくりがな [òkúrígáná] (Heiban – [0])[2][3][4]
  • IPA(key): [o̞kɯ̟ᵝɾʲiɡa̠na̠]

Noun

送(おく)り仮(が)名(な) • (okurigana) 

  1. [1477] (orthography) okurigana: the kana that records inflectional endings (after the root of a kunyomi is applied to a kanji)
    Examples: く (ku) and かべる (kaberu) in 浮(う)く (uk-u, “to float”, intransitive) and 浮(う)かべる (uk-aberu, “to float”, transitive)
    Perhaps analogous to -st, -nd in English 1st (first), 2nd (second).

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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