蚕

See also: 蠶

蚕	U+8695, 蚕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8695

← 蚔
[U+8694]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蚖 →
[U+8696]

Translingual

Han character

蚕 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹大中一戈 (HKLMI) or 一大中一戈 (MKLMI), four-corner 2013₆, composition ⿱天虫)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1077, character 38

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32869

Dae Jaweon: page 1546, character 31

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2837, character 2

Unihan data for U+8695

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (天) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
添	*tʰiːm
忝	l̥ʰiːmʔ, l̥ʰiːms
悿	*tʰiːmʔ
舔	*l̥ʰiːmʔ
菾	*diːm
天	*qʰl'iːn
吞	qʰl'iːn, qʰl'ɯːn
祆	*qʰliːn
蚕	zluːm, hl'iːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ) : phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn) + semantic 虫 (“insect”).

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiǎn (tian³)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎn
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien³
  - Yale: tyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tean
  - Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

Middle Chinese: thenX

Rime
Character	蚕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他典切
Baxter	thenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰen^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰen^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛn^X/
Li Rong	/tʰen^X/
Wang Li	/tʰien^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰien^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*hl'iːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蚕
Reading #	2/2
No.	12390
Phonetic component	天
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	腆
Old Chinese	/*hl'iːnʔ/
Notes	見爾雅

Definitions

蚕

Only used in 蜸蚕／𰲮蚕 (qiǎntiǎn, “earthworm”).

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B04234

Japanese

Shinjitai	Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)
Kyūjitai	蠶

Kanji

蚕

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 蠶)

silkworm

Readings

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
蚕
かいこ Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
蠶 (kyūjitai)

Compound of Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value).[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいこ [káꜜìkò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][3][4][7][8]
IPA^(key): [ka̠iko̞]

Noun

蚕(かいこ) • (kaiko) ^{←かひこ (kafiko)^?}

the silkworm (Bombyx mori)
the larva of a silkworm
sericulture
(slang, used by criminals) silk (of clothing)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カイコ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
蚕
こ Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
蠶 (kyūjitai)

Some sources derive this from 子 (ko, “child”),[9] but the pitch accents do not match.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こ [kóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[10]
IPA^(key): [ko̞]

Noun

蚕(こ) • (ko)

(obsolete) silkworm

References

“かい‐こ［かひ‥］【蚕】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
“蚕”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
1960, Hirayama Teruo (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
“こ【蚕】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)

Korean

Hanja

蚕 • (cheon, jam) (hangeul 천, 잠, revised cheon, jam, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, cham, Yale chen, cam)

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[KDJ2O-1] “かい‐こ［かひ‥］【蚕】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)

[DDJS-2] “蚕”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK2-4] 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

[K-5] 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[6] 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

[ZAJ-7] 1960, Hirayama Teruo (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[NHK-8] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[KDJ-9] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[KDJ2ko-10] “こ【蚕】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)