用心

Chinese

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yòngxīn

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁶ sam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yung-sîm
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): iōng-sim / ēng-sim

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yòngxīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yòngsin
  - Wade–Giles: yung⁴-hsin¹
  - Yale: yùng-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yonqshin
  - Palladius: юнсинь (junsinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jung⁶ sam¹
  - Yale: yuhng sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁶ sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yung⁶ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²² sɐm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yung-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: iung xim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung⁴ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ⁵⁵ ɕim²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yung-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung xim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung⁴ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ⁵⁵ ɕim²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iōng-sim
  - Tâi-lô: iōng-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioxngsym
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɕim³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ēng-sim
  - Tâi-lô: īng-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: exngsym
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɕim³³/

Noun

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

intention; motive

Synonyms

企圖／企图 (qǐtú)
心思 (xīnsī)
心意 (xīnyì)
心田 (xīntián)
意向 (yìxiàng)
意圖／意图 (yìtú)
意旨 (yìzhǐ)
懷抱／怀抱 (huáibào) (literary)
打算 (dǎsuàn)
旨意 (zhǐyì)
用意 (yòngyì)
腸肚／肠肚 (chángdù)

Verb

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) (intransitive)

to be diligent; to be attentive; to be careful
to harbour (malicious) intentions

Synonyms

(to be diligent):

上心 (shàngxīn)
專心／专心 (zhuānxīn)
專注／专注 (zhuānzhù)
敬 (jìng) (literary, or in compounds)
走心 (zǒuxīn)

(to harbour intentions):

存心 (cúnxīn)
宅心 (zháixīn)
居心 (jūxīn)

Adverb

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

diligently; attentively; carefully

Synonyms

一心 (yīxīn)
入心 (Min Nan)
全心 (quánxīn)
悉心 (xīxīn)
殫心／殚心 (dānxīn) (literary)
盡心／尽心 (jìnxīn)
經心／经心 (jīngxīn)

Derived terms

別有用心／别有用心 (biéyǒuyòngxīn)

References

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “用心” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Japanese

Kanji in this term
用	心
よう Grade: 2	しん > じん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
要心

Noun

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

care
caution

Verb

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

to be careful
- 1951, 宮本百合子, お久美さんと其の周囲:
  私共(わたしども)で用心(ようじん)するばっかりだわ。
  Watashi-domo de yōjin suru bakkari da wa.
  My, aren't we the careful ones!
to be cautious
- 1930, 浜尾四郎, 彼は誰を殺したか:
  現(げん)に中条自身(なかじょうじしん)も危(あぶな)いのでずい分(ぶん)用心(ようじん)して歩(ある)いているのだ。
  genni Nakajō jishin mo abunai node zuibun yōjin shite aruiteiru no da.
  Nakajō himself was actually in danger so was really walking with his guard up.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "用心する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	用心し	ようじんし	yōjin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	用心し	ようじんし	yōjin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	用心する	ようじんする	yōjin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	用心する	ようじんする	yōjin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	用心すれ	ようじんすれ	yōjin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	用心せよ¹ 用心しろ²	ようじんせよ¹ ようじんしろ²	yōjin seyo¹ yōjin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	用心される	ようじんされる	yōjin sareru
Causative	用心させる用心さす	ようじんさせるようじんさす	yōjin saseru yōjin sasu
Potential	用心できる	ようじんできる	yōjin dekiru
Volitional	用心しよう	ようじんしよう	yōjin shiyō
Negative	用心しない	ようじんしない	yōjin shinai
Negative continuative	用心せず	ようじんせず	yōjin sezu
Formal	用心します	ようじんします	yōjin shimasu
Perfective	用心した	ようじんした	yōjin shita
Conjunctive	用心して	ようじんして	yōjin shite
Hypothetical conditional	用心すれば	ようじんすれば	yōjin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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