營造

See also: 营造

Chinese

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Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yíngzào

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁴ zou⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yàng-chho
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): êng-chǒ / êng-chō

(Teochew, Peng'im): ian⁵ zao⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yíngzào
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yíngzào
  - Wade–Giles: ying²-tsao⁴
  - Yale: yíng-dzàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yngtzaw
  - Palladius: инцзао (inczao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jing⁴ zou⁶
  - Yale: yìhng jouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴ dzou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴ zou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹ t͡sou̯²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng-chho
  - Hakka Romanization System: iangˇ co
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yang² co⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯aŋ¹¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng-chho
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iangˇ co
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yang² co⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯aŋ¹¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng-chǒ
  - Tâi-lô: îng-tsǒ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng-chō
  - Tâi-lô: îng-tsō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: engzoi
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡so²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ian⁵ zao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâⁿ tsău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/

Verb

營造

to build; to construct; to oversee construction of
to create

Synonyms

(to build):

修建 (xiūjiàn)
修築／修筑 (xiūzhù)
塑建 (sùjiàn)
建構／建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
建築／建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
建設／建设 (jiànshè)
建造 (jiànzào)
搭 (Min Nan)
搭建 (dājiàn)
搭蓋／搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
構作／构作 (gòuzuò)
構建／构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
構築／构筑 (gòuzhù)
構造／构造 (gòuzào)
版築／版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
築／筑 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
築造／筑造 (zhùzào)
興修／兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
興建／兴建 (xīngjiàn)
興築／兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
起立 (qǐlì)

(to create): 創造／创造 (chuàngzào), 製造／制造 (zhìzào)

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