寇

See also: 冦
寇 U+5BC7, 寇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC7
← 密
[U+5BC6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寈 →
[U+5BC8]

Translingual

Han character

寇 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十一山水 (JMUE), four-corner 30214, composition ⿱宀⿺元攴)

Derived characters

Further reading
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7209
  • Dae Jaweon: page 571, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 936, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5BC7

Chinese

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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 寇
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
滱 *kʰoː, *kʰoːs
寇 *kʰoːs
簆 *kʰoːs
蔻 *qʰoːs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) - a person who holds a stick (卜) with his hand (又), about to beat the head (元) of another person, under the other persons own roof (宀). In Oracle bone script, two hands are holding the stick. In modern form, 卜 and 又 have merged into one character (攴), and is partially surrounded by 元.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kəw ~ hu (“to steal”). Compare Tibetan རྐུ (rku, “to steal”) and Burmese ခိုး (hkui:, “to steal”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • kou3 - literary;
  • kao3 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wugniu: 5kheu
      • Wiktionary Romanisation: 2kheu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɤ³⁴/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: kou4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰə̹u̯⁴⁵/
Rime
Character 寇
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦候切
Baxter khuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰəuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰəuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰəwH/
Li
Rong		 /kʰuH/
Wang
Li		 /kʰəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kòu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 寇
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kòu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khuwH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʰˁ(r)o-s/
English rob; robber

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 寇
Reading # 1/1
No. 7497
Phonetic
component		 寇
Rime
group		 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 𡨥
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰoːs/

Definitions

寇

  1. bandit; thief; invader
  2. foe; enemy
  3. to rob; to plunder
  4. to invade
  5. a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
寇

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. foe, enemy, rival
  2. resentment, enmity, grudge
  3. harm, injury

Readings
  • Go-on: く (ku)
  • Kan-on: こう (kō)
  • Kun: あだする (adasuru, 寇する)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 寇 (MC khuwH). Recorded as Middle Korean 𡨥/구〯 (kwǔ) (Yale: kwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 寇 (eumhun 도둑 구 (doduk gu))

  1. Hanja form? of 구 (“bandit; thief; invader”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

寇: Hán Việt readings: khấu
寇: Nôm readings: kháu, khấu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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