宗族

Chinese

		family	clan
trad. (宗族)		宗	族
simp. ^#(宗族)		宗	族

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zōngzú

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥㄗㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ zuk⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-chhu̍k
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chong-cho̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): zong¹ zog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zōngzú
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥㄗㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zongzú
  - Wade–Giles: tsung¹-tsu²
  - Yale: dzūng-dzú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzongtzwu
  - Palladius: цзунцзу (czunczu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡su³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zung¹ zuk⁶
  - Yale: jūng juhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ dzuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ zug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    中軸／中轴
    宗族
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-chhu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung´ cug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ cug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chong-cho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tsong-tso̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zongzok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ³³ t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zong¹ zog⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsong tso̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sok̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsowng dzuwk

Rime
Character	宗	族
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)	東 (3)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	作冬切	昨木切
Baxter	tsowng	dzuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suoŋ/	/d͡zuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suoŋ/	/d͡zuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡soŋ/	/d͡zuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sawŋ/	/d͡zəwk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡soŋ/	/d͡zuk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡suoŋ/	/d͡zuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suoŋ/	/d͡zʱuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zōng	zú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung¹	zuk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤuŋ [dz]ˤok/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːŋ zoːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宗	族
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zōng	zú
Middle Chinese	‹ tsowng ›	‹ dzuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁuŋ/	/*[dz]ˁok/
English	ancestral temple	clan
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宗	族
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17892	17980
Phonetic component	宗	族
Rime group	終	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	宗	族
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuːŋ/	/*zoːɡ/
Notes		甲文或從二矢，象令旗麾矢蔟集，爲蔟初文，說文訓鏃則與從方二矢脫節

Noun

宗族

Synonyms

(patriarchal clan): 系族 (xìzú)

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