嗎

See also: 吗

嗎	U+55CE, 嗎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55CE

← 嗍
[U+55CD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

嗏 →
[U+55CF]

Translingual

Han character

嗎 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口尸手火 (RSQF), four-corner 6102₇, composition ⿰口馬)

Derived characters

𭚜, 𡁉

Related characters

吗 (Simplified Chinese)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 202, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4065
Dae Jaweon: page 425, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 664, character 10
Unihan data for U+55CE

Usage notes

This character is listed in the Kangxi dictionary (字彙) as an unorthodox form (俗字) of 罵.

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ).

Etymology 1

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) From 無 (OC *ma, “not”) (Schuessler, 2007).

For Philippine Hokkien --ba, it is borrowed from Tagalog ba (“interrogative particle”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): ma (ma⁵／ma⁰)

(Zhuyin): ˙ㄇㄚ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ма (ma, 0)
Cantonese (Jyutping): maa¹, maa³
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): ma / --ma / --ba

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ma
  - Zhuyin: ˙ㄇㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: må
  - Wade–Giles: ma⁵
  - Yale: ma
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .ma
  - Palladius: ма (ma)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ма (ma, 0)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma⁰/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa¹, maa³
  - Yale: mā, ma
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa¹, maa³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma¹, ma³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː⁵⁵/, /maː³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ma
  - Tâi-lô: ma
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maf
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mã³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --ma
  - Tâi-lô: --ma
- (Hokkien: Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --ba
  - Tâi-lô: --ba

Definitions

嗎

Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions.
你喜歡嗎？／你喜欢吗？ ― Nǐ xǐhuān ma? ― Do you like it?

你好嗎？／你好吗？ [Cantonese] ― nei⁵ hou² maa³? [Jyutping] ― How are you?

Usage notes

The particle 嗎 allows one to turn an affirmative sentence into an interrogative without modifying word order.

他喜歡。／他喜欢。 ― Tā xǐhuān. ― He likes it.

他喜歡嗎？／他喜欢吗？ ― Tā xǐhuān ma? ― Does he like it?

Etymology 2

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǎ (ma³)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁵, maa¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mâ / mà / mò
Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): mô͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǎ
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎ
  - Wade–Giles: ma³
  - Yale: mǎ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maa
  - Palladius: ма (ma)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa⁵, maa¹
  - Yale: máh, mā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵, maa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵, ma¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː¹³/, /maː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ / mà / mò
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma´ / maˇ / moˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ / ma² / mo²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴/, /ma¹¹/, /mo¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mô͘
  - Tâi-lô: môo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃²³/

Definitions

嗎

Used as a phonetic character.
嗎啡／吗啡 ― mǎfēi ― morphine

嗎哪／吗哪 ― mǎnǎ ― manna

Compounds

嗎兒／吗儿 (már)
嗎呢／吗呢
嗎呼／吗呼
嗎啡／吗啡 (mǎfēi)
嗎啉／吗啉 (mǎlín)
嗎啡中毒／吗啡中毒
嗎啡針／吗啡针
百嗎兒／百吗儿

Etymology 3

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): má (ma²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: má
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: má
  - Wade–Giles: ma²
  - Yale: má
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ma
  - Palladius: ма (ma)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (嗎兒／吗儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: már
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: már
  - Wade–Giles: ma²-ʼrh
  - Yale: már
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mal
  - Palladius: мар (mar)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑɻ³⁵/

Definitions

嗎

(Mandarin, colloquial) what

Synonyms

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Etymology 4

Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Japanese

Kanji

嗎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: め (me)
Kan-on: ば (ba)
Kan’yō-on: ま (ma)
Kun: ののしる (nonoshiru, 嗎る)

Korean

Hanja

嗎 • (ma) (hangeul 마)

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Vietnamese

Han character

嗎: Hán Nôm readings: mửa, ma, mớ, mạ, mắng, mỉa, mứa, mựa

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