和睦

Chinese

		mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm	friendly
trad. (和睦)		和	睦
simp. ^#(和睦)		和	睦

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hémù

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wo⁴ muk⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fò-mu̍k
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hô-bo̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): hua⁵ mog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hémù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hémù
  - Wade–Giles: ho²-mu⁴
  - Yale: hé-mù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hermuh
  - Palladius: хэму (xɛmu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵ mu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wo⁴ muk⁶
  - Yale: wòh muhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wo⁴ muk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wo⁴ mug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔː²¹ mʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fò-mu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: foˇ mug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fo² mug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fo¹¹ muk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: hô-bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'bok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ bɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hua⁵ mog⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ mo̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mok̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: hwa mjuwk

Rime
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	戸戈切	莫六切
Baxter	hwa	mjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑ/	/mɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwa/	/muwk̚/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑ/	/mĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑ/	/mi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huó	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wo⁴	muk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤoj mr[uk]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːl mluɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hé	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ hwa ›	‹ mjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁoj/	/*mr[uk]/
English	harmonious	concord
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4932	8531
Phonetic component	禾	坴
Rime group	歌	幽
Rime subdivision	3	1
Corresponding MC rime	和	目
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːl/	/*mluɡ/
Notes		古文從囧圥聲

Adjective

和睦

harmonious; amicable; friendly; peaceful
- 上下和睦，周旋不逆。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Shàngxià hémù, zhōuxuán bù nì. [Pinyin]
  Thus, the nobles and the common people will be friendly, and they will socialise without going against each other.
- 愚以爲營中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行陣和睦，優劣得所也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng) (Zhuge Liang), 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)
  Yú yǐwèi yíng zhōng zhī shì, xī yǐ zī zhī, bì néng shǐ xíngzhèn hémù, yōuliè dé suǒ yě. [Pinyin]
  I think he should be consulted on all military affairs. This can certainly make the troops harmonious and put the good and the bad in their proper places.

Synonyms

協調／协调 (xiétiáo)
和協／和协 (Min Nan)
和好 (héhǎo)
和平 (hépíng)
和氣／和气
和洽 (héqià)
和美 (héměi)
和諧／和谐 (héxié)
團結／团结 (tuánjié)
平和
緝穆／缉穆 (qìmù) (literary)
融和 (rónghé)
融洽 (róngqià)
親睦／亲睦 (qīnmù)
調和／调和 (tiáohé)
調諧／调谐 (tiáoxié)
諧和／谐和 (xiéhé)
輯睦／辑睦 (jímù) (literary)
雝雝／雍雍 (yōngyōng) (literary)
順／顺 (shùn) (literary, or in compounds)

Derived terms

和睦相處／和睦相处 (hémùxiāngchǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (和睦):

→ Japanese: 和(わ)睦(ぼく) (waboku)
→ Korean: 화목(和睦) (hwamok)
→ Vietnamese: hoà mục (和睦)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
和	睦
わ Grade: 3	ぼく Grade: S
goon	kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) わぼく [wàbókú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [ɰᵝa̠bo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

和(わ)睦(ぼく) • (waboku)

harmony

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
和	睦

Noun

和睦

chữ Hán form of hoà mục.

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

和睦

Chinese

Pronunciation

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

References

Vietnamese

Noun