南無

Chinese
phonetic
trad. (南無) 南 無
simp. (南无) 南 无
alternative forms
 
南摸
南謨／南谟
曩謨／曩谟
南膜
南摩
南摸
南謨／南谟
曩謨／曩谟
南膜
南摩
納慕／纳慕
那謨／那谟
那模
娜母
喃嘸／喃呒

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), from Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 南 無
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 覃 (159) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 那含切 武夫切
Baxter nom mju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /nʌm/ /mɨo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /nəm/ /mio/
Shao
Rongfen		 /nɒm/ /mio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /nəm/ /muə̆/
Li
Rong		 /nᴀm/ /mio/
Wang
Li		 /nɒm/ /mĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /năm/ /mi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nán wú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 naam4 mou4

Verb

南無

  1. (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to convert to.

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (南無):

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
南 無
な
Grade: 2
(ateji)		 む
Grade: 4
(ateji)
on’yomi

Transliteration of Sanskrit नमो (namo), from Sanskrit नमस् (námas, literally “a bow”),[1][2] possibly via Middle Chinese 南無 (MC nom mju).

Compare Mandarin 南無／南无 (námó).

Pronunciation

Phrase

南(な)無(む) • (namu) 

  1. (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
南 無
な
Grade: 2
(ateji)		 も
Grade: 4
(ateji)
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
南謨

Likely a borrowing from Mandarin 南無／南无 (námó), utilizing the 唐音 (Tō-on, “Tang sound”) reading of 無 (mo).

Phrase

南(な)無(も) • (namo) 

  1. (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith

See also
  • 帰(き)命(みょう) (kimyō)

References
  1. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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