依然

Chinese

		according to; depend on; near to according to; depend on; near to; (Min Dong) kinship prefix	so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right
trad. (依然)		依	然
simp. ^#(依然)		依	然

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yīrán

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄖㄢˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji¹ jin⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yi¹ ngen^3*
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): i-jiân / i-liân

(Teochew, Peng'im): i¹ riang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yīrán
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄖㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yirán
  - Wade–Giles: i¹-jan²
  - Yale: yī-rán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iran
  - Palladius: ижань (ižanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji¹ jin⁴
  - Yale: yī yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji¹ jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi¹ yin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yi¹ ngen^3*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ji³³ ᵑɡen²²⁻²²⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-jiân
  - Tâi-lô: i-jiân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ijieen
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ ʑiɛn²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ʑiɛn¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-liân
  - Tâi-lô: i-liân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ilieen
  - IPA (Xiamen): /i⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i³³ liɛn²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: i¹ riang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: i jiâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³³⁻²³ d͡ʑiaŋ⁵⁵/

Adverb

依然

as it was before; still

Synonyms

仍 (réng)
仍是 (réngshì)
仍然 (réngrán)
仍舊／仍旧 (réngjiù)
依舊／依旧 (yījiù)
兀自 (wùzì) (dialectal or archaic)
原徑／原径 (⁶gnioe-cin) (Wu)
嘛閣／嘛阁 (Min Nan)
尚 (literary, or in compounds)
尚且 (shàngqiě)
猶且／犹且 (yóuqiě) (literary)
猶是／犹是 (Min Nan)
猶然／犹然 (yóurán)
猶自／犹自 (yóuzì)
還／还 (hái)
還是／还是 (háishì)
都係／都系 (Cantonese)

Adjective

依然

(archaic) reluctant to part

Japanese

Kanji in this term
依	然
い Grade: S	ぜん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いぜん [ìzéń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [izẽ̞ɴ]

Adjective

依(い)然(ぜん) • (izen) ^†-tari (adnominal 依(い)然(ぜん)とした (izen to shita) or 依(い)然(ぜん)たる (izen taru), adverbial 依(い)然(ぜん)と (izen to) or 依(い)然(ぜん)として (izen to shite))

same (as before)

Adverb

依(い)然(ぜん) • (izen)

as it did before, still, as ... as ever

Derived terms

依然(いぜん)として (izen to shite)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN