人生

Chinese
man; person; people
 
to be born; to give birth; life
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
simp. and trad.
(人生)		 人 生
alternative forms 儂生／侬生 Teochew
anagram 生人

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 人 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 生 (21) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 庚 (109) 庚 (109)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III II II
Fanqie 如鄰切 所庚切 所敬切
Baxter nyin sraeng sraengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪn/ /ʃˠæŋ/ /ʃˠæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵin/ /ʃᵚaŋ/ /ʃᵚaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjen/ /ʃaŋ/ /ʃaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵin/ /ʂaɨjŋ/ /ʂaɨjŋH/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiĕn/ /ʃɐŋ/ /ʃɐŋH/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕn/ /ʃɐŋ/ /ʃɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ /ʂɐŋ/ /ʂɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rén shēng shèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jan4 sang1 sang3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 人 生 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rén shēng shēng shēng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyin › ‹ sræng › ‹ sræng › ‹ srjæng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ni[ŋ]/ /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) /*sreŋ/ /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?)
English (other) person bear, be born; live fresh, raw bear, be born; live

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 人 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 10800 11312 11322
Phonetic
component		 人 生 生
Rime
group		 眞 耕 耕
Rime
subdivision		 1 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 仁 生 生
Old
Chinese		 /*njin/ /*sʰleːŋ/ /*sreŋs/

Noun

人生

  1. life (i.e. human life) (Classifier: 段 m)
    人生的真諦／人生的真谛  ―  rénshēng de zhēndì  ―  the true meaning of life
    璀璨人生  ―  cuǐcàn rénshēng  ―  splendid life
    人生道理  ―  rénshēng dàolǐ  ―  philosophies of life
    懷疑人生／怀疑人生  ―  huáiyí rénshēng  ―  to want to give up on life
    人生的十字路口  ―  rénshēng de shízìlùkǒu  ―  crossroads of life
    科學的人生態度／科学的人生态度  ―  kēxué de rénshēng tàidù  ―  scientific attitude to life
    人生嘅真諦／人生嘅真谛 [Cantonese]  ―  jan4 sang1 ge3 zan1 dai3 [Jyutping]  ―  the true meaning of life
    人生永遠沒有太晚的開始。 [MSC, trad.]
    人生永远没有太晚的开始。 [MSC, simp.]
    Rénshēng yǒngyuǎn méiyǒu tài wǎn de kāishǐ. [Pinyin]
    No beginning has ever been proved to be too late.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (人生):
  • → Japanese: 人生(じんせい) (jinsei)
  • → Korean: 인생(人生) (insaeng)
  • → Vietnamese: nhân sinh (人生)

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
人 生
じん
Grade: 1		 せい
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 人生 (ȵiɪn ʃˠæŋ).

Pronunciation

Noun

人(じん)生(せい) • (jinsei) 

  1. life
    それが人生(じんせい)
    sore ga jinsei
    such is life
  2. Literally, person's past. Used when speaking about the former life of a dead person.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 芸術(げいじゅつ)は長(なが)く人生(じんせい)は短(みじか)し (geijutsu wa nagaku jinsei wa mijikashi, “ars longa, vita brevis”)
  • 人生意気(じんせいいき)に感(かん)ず (jinsei iki ni kanzu)
  • 人生観(じんせいかん) (jinseikan)
  • 人生訓(じんせいくん) (jinseikun)
  • 人生劇場(じんせいげきじょう) (jinsei gekijō)
  • 人生行路(じんせいこうろ) (jinsei kōro)
  • 人生行路難(じんせいこうろかた)し (jinsei kōro katashi)
  • 人生七十古来稀(じんせいしちじゅうこらいまれ)なり (jinsei shichijū korai marenari)
  • 人生朝露(じんせいちょうろ)の如(ごと)し (jinsei chōro no gotoshi)
  • 人生哲学(じんせいてつがく) (jinsei tetsugaku)
  • 人生(じんせい)のための芸術(げいじゅつ) (jinsei no tame no geijutsu)
  • 人生派(じんせいは) (jinseiha)
  • 人生模様(じんせいもよう) (jinsei moyō)
  • 人生論(じんせいろん) (jinseiron)
  • 人生僅(じんせいわず)か五十年(ごじゅうねん) (jinsei wazuka gojūnen)
  • 自然(しぜん)と人生(じんせい) (shizen to jinsei)
  • 実人生(じつじんせい) (jitsujinsei)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean
Hanja in this term
人生

Noun

人生 • (insaeng) (hangeul 인생)

  1. Hanja form? of 인생 (“life”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
人生

Noun

人生

  1. chữ Hán form of nhân sinh (“life”).
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