五印度

Chinese

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Etymology

Coined by Xuanzang (a Chinese Buddhist monk who had travelled to India) in his book The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions [646 CE].

The Puranas divide ancient India into five regions: Pracya (Eastern India), Uttarapatha (Northern India), Aparanta (Western India), Dakshinapatha (Southern India) and Madhyadesha (Central India). 五印度 (Wǔyìndù, literally “five Indias”) is thus a term for all of India.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Wǔyìndù

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ng⁵ jan³ dou⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Wǔyìndù
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Wǔyìndù
  - Wade–Giles: Wu³-yin⁴-tu⁴
  - Yale: Wǔ-yìn-dù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Wuuyinnduh
  - Palladius: Уиньду (Uinʹdu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ng⁵ jan³ dou⁶
  - Yale: ńgh yan douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵ jan³ dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵ yen³ dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³ jɐn³³ tou̯²²/

Middle Chinese: nguX 'jinH duH

Rime
Character	五	印	度
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	影 (34)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	眞 (43)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	I
Fanqie	疑古切	於刃切	徒故切
Baxter	nguX	'jinH	duH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuo^X/	/ʔiɪn^H/	/duo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuo^X/	/ʔin^H/	/duo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋo^X/	/ʔjen^H/	/do^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɔ^X/	/ʔin^H/	/dɔ^H/
Li Rong	/ŋo^X/	/ʔiĕn^H/	/do^H/
Wang Li	/ŋu^X/	/ĭĕn^H/	/du^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋuo^X/	/ʔi̯ĕn^H/	/dʱuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ	yìn	dù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ng⁵	jan³	dou⁶

Proper noun

五印度

(obsolete) India

Synonyms

五天竺 (Wǔtiānzhú)
五印 (Wǔyìn)
五天
印度 (Yìndù)

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